{"componentChunkName":"component---src-templates-information-js","path":"/hub/workplace-pensions/how-to-evaluate-your-workplace-pension/","result":{"data":{"post":{"id":"-d45d9677-1918-5058-ab7e-758b17f82996","_id":"2e1f23d0-5d60-489e-89b9-eb1d958b6e1e","publishedAt":"2025-07-14T11:51:57.465Z","categories":[{"_id":"5699957f-e955-48ab-a5b6-3ffe97f5ca24","title":"Pensions - Workplace Pension"},{"_id":"b09bc8a1-3225-47eb-aa7d-538473acdb89","title":"Guide"}],"mainImage":{"blankAltTag":true,"crop":null,"hotspot":null,"asset":{"_id":"image-cb63af881c7304dfdecda09f343c3392c0ae6283-1920x1080-png"},"alt":null},"_rev":"L8z5d0vJQithCGHLAbQVIj","_updatedAt":"2025-08-01T08:44:50Z","title":"How to Evaluate Your Workplace Pension","noIndexExternal":null,"company":null,"subtitle":"4 things to see if you are getting good value","template":"C-SB","showConfetti":null,"enableComments":null,"hideRelatedContent":null,"hidePublishedAtDate":true,"enableGatedContent":null,"gateStyle":null,"brazeCustomAttributesSB":[],"emailSignupWidgetTitle":null,"emailSignupWidgetImage":null,"emailSignupWidgetParagraphText":null,"emailSignupWidgetButtonText":null,"textNextToKey":null,"emailSignupWidgetTextboxPlaceholder":null,"brazeCustomAttributes":[],"_rawGatedContentBody":null,"_rawGatedContentReadMoreText":null,"isPrivatePage":null,"theme":"Boring Money theme","_rawAuthorsText":[{"_key":"99cf89ccae54","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"cab14ad60056","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"By "},{"_key":"0642ac2e5b8c","_type":"span","marks":["strong"],"text":"Holly Mackay"},{"_key":"a9ed29f3f5d4","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":", Founder & CEO"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"}],"hideSocialIconsTop":null,"hideTitle":null,"slug":{"current":"how-to-evaluate-your-workplace-pension"},"subfolder":{"folder":"/hub/workplace-pensions/"},"_rawExcerpt":[{"_key":"81c01cc12ace","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"33c910395fa8","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Learn how to evaluate your workplace pension with our 4-point checklist. Check investment performance, fees, risk allocation and service quality to ensure your auto-enrolment pension delivers good value. Most workers have employer pensions but don't know if they're any good - find out here in 5 minutes."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"}],"_rawBody":[{"_key":"b737e627a5fb","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"d70d8260aabd","_type":"span","marks":["strong"],"text":"Most people of working age will have a pension at work. 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It mandated employers to pay a pension to most people, even if they are one-man bands hiring a nanny, or a small start-up with 5 staff on payroll. No matter how small, the law says that employers need to pay most workers a pension."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"05697ab0e231","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"58788699d8e1","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Today’s rules say that 3% of your salary comes from your employer, and 5% from you. No-one can force us to do this and opting out is your right. But if you opt out, you kiss goodbye to that 3% from your employer, so it’s to be avoided if at all possible."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"6c930a8cddb0","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"75224da9cb47","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"These sums of money are adding up. Have a look in your pension from work – you might be pleasantly surprised. But at the same time, you might then start to worry about whether that money is in the right home. So here are some pointers on what to look for."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"9faa719b04f9","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"8c270a44cba1","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""},{"_key":"8224584cbdb4","_type":"mainAnchor","pageAnchor":{"_id":"866ade81-719c-4db2-b7c2-c81a9579df9e","_type":"anchorCategory","_rev":"eVSfOHqQUVKK5WZgl8AJ7o","_createdAt":"2025-07-14T10:39:35Z","_updatedAt":"2025-07-14T10:39:39Z","AnchorName":"whereisyourpensioninvested","id":"-4ebe6fa4-305b-5eb9-844d-907a61f431b4","children":[],"parent":null}},{"_key":"38b6776ff243","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"🔎 Where is your pension money invested? Asset allocation basics"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"h2"},{"_key":"fee24c60a08e","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"ea1679cc8ba4","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"The first question is this. Where is my pension money actually invested? It will almost inevitably be invested in a mix of cash-like things and "},{"_key":"3dda0b282307","_type":"span","marks":["0b16b42abf33"],"text":"shares"},{"_key":"09bb4e08d2a9","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":". The younger you are, the more you have time on your side, and so anyone under 55 should have a very sizeable dollop in shares. If you’re under 40, you should be asking why if you have less than about 90% in shares, in my opinion. If you’re under 60, you would still expect to see a decent amount in shares. No point in limping along in cash too early."}],"markDefs":[{"_key":"0b16b42abf33","_type":"glossaryPick","reference":{"_id":"8d6a1c1c-dff0-4e47-bfdd-3750fc95e921","_type":"glossaryHover","_rev":"o7OZbxoPmY2fDdqRM0fHoC","_createdAt":"2025-04-30T14:21:02Z","_updatedAt":"2025-04-30T14:21:16Z","description":"A unit of ownership in a company. Companies divide their ownership into shares and investors can purchase these to become owners of a tiny part of it. 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Sometimes stock markets have bad years compared to cash, but they tend to bounce back. So don’t be too worried about 1-year numbers. The 5-year performance is important. If it’s worse than cash, you should want to know why. And I would expect to see average returns of around 5% a year over the long run. If not, you need understand why."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"c6f6cf1bec5f","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"53f04e88f083","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"A very helpful thing to do is to look at how a mixed bag of shares has done over the same time. One proxy is what we call an "},{"_key":"4aad21bde0d3","_type":"span","marks":["a34c0ecb9afc"],"text":"index fund"},{"_key":"ffea1d2d2094","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":" - something like the "},{"_key":"96d1db85f32c","_type":"span","marks":["42c66e0d26eb"],"text":"Fidelity Index World Fund"},{"_key":"f1c9b83762ba","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":". This is a mixed bag of the world’s 1,000-ish biggest companies and so is a rough guide as to what has happened in global markets. If that is up by 10% in a year but your pension is down by 5%, you’d expect a pretty convincing argument as to why! If however that is down by 5% and so is your pension, that all makes sense. It’s just a guide."}],"markDefs":[{"_key":"a34c0ecb9afc","_type":"glossaryPick","reference":{"_id":"b009fb8f-18ff-4009-9ec4-d59b4fc29a0d","_type":"glossaryHover","_rev":"lTp2d2CYb7e7Sxre7E9dlH","_createdAt":"2025-04-30T13:50:01Z","_updatedAt":"2025-04-30T13:50:17Z","description":"A basket of assets designed to represent a particular stock market or part of a stock market. 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When you buy a bond (or a piece of the bond), you’re lending your money to this “issuer”. In exchange, the issuer promises to pay the bondholder (that’s you) a fixed interest payment at regular intervals until the loan matures (when you will get back a known amount which is the ‘face value’)."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"62229e83718a","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"208519fd7a7a","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Therefore, you can think of a bond like an IOU – you lend the issuer money, and they pay you ‘interest’ on a regular basis until a pre-agreed date when they pay you a specified sum of money."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"96ac0f65ce2a","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"53400c3f58bc","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""},{"_key":"37864ea28904","_type":"mainAnchor","pageAnchor":{"_id":"dfe27455-bfae-4948-b858-040213000740","_type":"anchorCategory","_rev":"6omhR3S1TuFgHttivLDsec","_createdAt":"2024-03-05T13:06:28Z","_updatedAt":"2024-03-05T13:06:28Z","AnchorName":"whatarebonds","id":"-ca4d04bb-7e21-5245-bec6-e275a37c3faa","children":[],"parent":null}},{"_key":"ed552990e93d0","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"What are bonds?"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"h2"},{"_key":"46e4551e07ca","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"8e9517773203","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Think of bonds like an investment which pays a regular ‘interest rate’ for as long as you hold it, as well as giving you the chance to make a profit on the money you invest. Unlike stocks, which can fluctuate in value rapidly, bonds will typically offer a relatively ‘predictable’ income stream, making them a good option for more risk-averse investors seeking stability."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"84de67b46e34","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"3a75273af740","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"The volatility of a bond price depends on who you are loaning the money to. If it’s the UK government, it’s typically a sedate and predictable journey. If it’s a mining company in Latin America, you should prepare for a much more volatile journey."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"41c6b2f45440","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"b05c24e742b6","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"This is why government bonds typically make up a large proportion of pension funds, particularly for those who are closer to retirement age and thus need their pension to be invested in lower-risk products."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"d6614f8bba0b","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"872c6cbfe99d","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""},{"_key":"003b1400dbd3","_type":"mainAnchor","pageAnchor":{"_id":"7143fd03-16f0-4229-a431-82283be9b288","_type":"anchorCategory","_rev":"gIy2Qh2T9Bswtze98kZQ5O","_createdAt":"2024-03-05T13:06:40Z","_updatedAt":"2024-03-05T13:06:40Z","AnchorName":"howdobondswork","id":"-cebcdd7b-ecf7-51f1-aa9e-4180b71c8cb7","children":[],"parent":null}},{"_key":"f1224b170f560","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"How do bonds work?"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"h2"},{"_key":"2f3e330d3372","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"96bcdb4d8383","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""},{"_key":"acb2391f7114","_type":"mainAnchor","pageAnchor":{"_id":"ae0ce2cd-ee6c-4b2d-9caf-6ecaa338dfb6","_type":"anchorCategory","_rev":"WSQPA2hj6yjKpNEqwaAPWT","_createdAt":"2024-03-05T13:06:53Z","_updatedAt":"2024-03-05T13:06:53Z","AnchorName":"whoissuesabond","id":"-e96db86a-600e-5a94-8b71-24a02bae7051","children":[],"parent":null}},{"_key":"40091b6993f40","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Who issues a bond?"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"h3"},{"_key":"565d809b383b","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"db75d5da7276","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"When a government or a business decides it needs to raise money, one of the avenues it might take is to issue a bond. The bond specifies the “maturity” date (when the loan is repaid), the “coupon” (interest rate) paid periodically, and the “denomination” (face value) of the bond."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"38457353d605","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"5c46a1e31e90","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""},{"_key":"5b0c3697fae8","_type":"mainAnchor","pageAnchor":{"_id":"a7cac4b7-a55c-4d8c-b076-8219b497fffe","_type":"anchorCategory","_rev":"WSQPA2hj6yjKpNEqwaAPka","_createdAt":"2024-03-05T13:07:07Z","_updatedAt":"2024-03-05T13:07:07Z","AnchorName":"howdobondspayinterest","id":"-73999f0d-d71e-59dd-981b-33ca97627566","children":[],"parent":null}},{"_key":"f002b0d984350","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"How do bonds pay interest?"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"h3"},{"_key":"7d966bfb9662","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"37dae7ca5e6c","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"The exact monetary value of the coupon you receive from a bond is called the “yield” and typically correlates to how risky the loan is determined to be."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"91d66d962184","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"1df18ea7fc91","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Let’s imagine someone wanted to borrow a grand from you. How much would you want in return for making that loan? It depends how reliable or trustworthy they are. How risky it is, as well as how long they want to borrow it for. In other words, how “creditworthy” they seem to you."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"5388a9ac1b0e","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"cf5870d6f45b","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"The same principles apply in the world of bonds. If we lend money to the UK government, for example, you might have more faith that they will keep up with their interest payments and repay you in full than if you lent money to a copper producer in the Democratic Republic of Congo. So a UK government bond would typically pay lower interest than the “riskier” copper producer one, for example."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"71d4560d2d56","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"457db07707e3","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"This is why government bonds (often called “gilts” if they're issued by the UK government or \"Treasuries\" if they're issued by the US government) usually pay less (or have a lower yield) than various corporate bonds – in return for giving you a less hernia-inducing path."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"f619482b3fbf","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"4a4abac90009","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Bond yields move inversely to bond prices. That is, the lower the yield (or ‘interest’ paid) , the higher the price of the bond is. Let’s walk through an actual example to explain how this all works."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"20b16b0c1152","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"9f79cc0082e3","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"a28d95e21455","_type":"textboxWidget","text":[{"_key":"8599fdf492a4","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"4da4917d5205","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Let's assume a bond issued by the UK government (so, a ‘gilt’). Let's also assume it would cost 97.26p to buy. The bond is called Treasury 0.125% 30/01/2026. This means it pays investors an ‘interest rate’, or ‘coupon’, of 0.125%. "}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"f54c13e08686","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"a9bc4738b626","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"However, people will mostly buy this for the increase in value, rather than the interest paid."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"63059e105655","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"31a5a3e313f7","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"We know that it will mature on the 30th January in 2026. For its ‘face value’ of 100p. Or £1. So we know for certain that we can spend 97.26p today and get back £1 at the end of January 2026. "}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"952bca830e4b","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"66fc8064d680","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"In other words, you will make 2.74p for every 97.26p you invest, over the period in question. And because this gain is a capital gain and not interest, and because it is held in a government bond, that gain is tax-free. "}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"5f3464315ceb","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"eeab95d5b301","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"This largely explains the growth in popularity of these bonds – as the tax take in the UK increases, and tax paid on interest goes up, they are a great way for higher rate taxpayers to get a relatively secure return, which is tax-free. "}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"143bb8ec0e80","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"0eeece876375","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"}],"title":"Example:"},{"_key":"52ccd9cc7373","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"00eb7eca2b96","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""},{"_key":"72ac8f8e1ca2","_type":"mainAnchor","pageAnchor":{"_id":"16faf849-274d-403a-b511-cf225e816d79","_type":"anchorCategory","_rev":"6omhR3S1TuFgHttivLDuE4","_createdAt":"2024-03-05T13:07:18Z","_updatedAt":"2024-03-05T13:07:18Z","AnchorName":"howarebondstraded","id":"-3837e9f4-60ac-5416-9100-cf06adb2aad3","children":[],"parent":null}},{"_key":"187af134969b0","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"How are bonds traded?"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"h3"},{"_key":"cfe82fd2d556","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"83e5c781999e","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Initially, bonds will be offered to institutional investors (like banks or pension funds). When this process is complete, bonds can also be traded on the “secondary market”, where investors trade between themselves on the stock market like you can with ordinary shares. There will be a quoted price that will change throughout the day."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"c5da9e7fce93","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"005c4140c0cb","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Investors can invest in bonds either directly or via other products which have bonds "},{"_key":"c8eefb4086c3","_type":"span","marks":["em"],"text":"in"},{"_key":"e938ff652d90","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":" them - such as multi-asset "},{"_key":"7e44d8d4eba1","_type":"span","marks":["fc7a25720353"],"text":"funds"},{"_key":"4c7c11c26b2d","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":", "},{"_key":"1bd18a481129","_type":"span","marks":["a00ce8f500dc"],"text":"ETFs"},{"_key":"46bcdb172323","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":" or"},{"_key":"922e97485ae8","_type":"span","marks":["aeb36fcf4623"],"text":" investment trusts"},{"_key":"0369c7eaf692","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":".  Bonds can play an important role in creating a diversified investment portfolio, which essentially means you invest in lots of different things in different proportion (not putting all your eggs in one basket is another way of looking at it!)."}],"markDefs":[{"_key":"fc7a25720353","_type":"internalLinkPick","reference":{"_id":"0bc8b13d-830e-4469-8ffe-6af27456b538","_type":"information","_rev":"vIm9lhvf1eHBOprgleGFQF","_createdAt":"2021-06-22T10:49:30Z","_updatedAt":"2025-09-01T10:07:48Z","_system":{"base":{"id":"0bc8b13d-830e-4469-8ffe-6af27456b538","rev":"0iD6p61whJS2ZGE5T7VEFt"}},"authors":[{"_key":"9b488bad30a4","_type":"personReference","people":{"_ref":"925e17b9-7c7f-43b6-9905-84ebe6bf3907","_type":"reference"}}],"authorsText":[{"_key":"728ad57473cb","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"150f7b31de0a","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"By "},{"_key":"e55603603258","_type":"span","marks":["strong"],"text":"Boring Money"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"}],"body":[{"_key":"e8df298b8c6b","_type":"anchorMenuMobile","title":"menu"},{"_key":"9473358fe106","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"17cf1610cca6","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""},{"_key":"91398572c6f0","_type":"mainAnchor","pageAnchor":{"_ref":"c092d7ca-1d59-4a6f-ae22-c1659dda889d","_type":"reference"}},{"_key":"6f92bc92429a","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"What is a fund?"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"h2"},{"_key":"4f9ee0028862","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"f102b7d00c72","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"In a nutshell"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"h3"},{"_key":"e79c63c327eb","_type":"textboxWidget","text":[{"_key":"2121178f0ee6","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"7d6a9f190010","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"There are typically about 30-60 \"underlying investments\" in one fund"}],"level":1,"listItem":"bullet","markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"d2a481641270","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"22684174f3fa","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"On average a single fund will cost about 0.75% in fees a year"}],"level":1,"listItem":"bullet","markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"f3e088b52195","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"d6ad20196bad","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Often a safer bet to invest than simply buying a few shares"}],"level":1,"listItem":"bullet","markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"216dcb5302ec","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"9dd73649798a","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"You can buy funds and put them in an ISA to keep your profits tax-free"}],"level":1,"listItem":"bullet","markDefs":[],"style":"normal"}]},{"_key":"97a80376b0f3","_type":"anchorMenuMobile","title":"s"},{"_key":"1653fdfc2af4","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"2e2b2ab98724","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"1b8d971c911d","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"4507568d3a70","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Funds are ready-made baskets of investments managed for you by an expert. In other words, they're a great way to avoid making a clanger by choosing one duff share! Great for diversifying, investing overseas and for outsourcing the decision-making to a professional. "}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"046672293a3e","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"e15da747ad50","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Listen to our Founder & CEO Holly Mackay explain more about why funds are awesome in the helpful clip below."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"41b247f7f7f1","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"1425f286ae8d","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"ee4659f373e2","_type":"mainVideo","url":"https://vimeo.com/829075140"},{"_key":"612f1e2f4f5c","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"8b8077238e30","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"8fde23f3fe04","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"509c2688d6bd","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"3d8fbfc7b050","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"32a1c0b03ecc","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"A single fund will typically have about 30-60 different \"underlying investments\" in it. This spreads the risk around and hedges your bets, so rather than having to go and buy 30-60 individual shares all by yourself, you can just buy one fund and be done with it!"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"e8ce2e0fe91f","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"942f0caaddf8","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"f9d2b7cefb40","_type":"textboxWidget","image":{"_type":"mainImage","alt":"Most investors have between about 8 and 16 different Funds to get a good mix and spread their bets around!"},"text":[{"_key":"4e12795ee2ca","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"40e2815c5d05","_type":"span","marks":["strong"],"text":"Top tip: Most investors have between about 8 and 16 different funds to get a good mix and spread their bets around!"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"}]},{"_key":"faec06074b53","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"3f1ea2ce7311","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"29e8456aa90b","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"12710694212a","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"16c468186b94","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"8aa0e26dff77","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"You can think of investing in funds like buying a mixed case of wine - you don't have to be a connoisseur and someone else picks the contents they think are good. Funds come in lots of different flavours - such as multi-asset funds or exchange-traded funds. More on these later."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"90feae1f7eb6","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"1915aec3fabb","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""},{"__inline":true,"_key":"5ccd7b870fec","_type":"mainAnchor","children":[{"_key":"ut1xgBnP3A4eT38f4GGbAL","text":""}],"pageAnchor":{"_ref":"0eef55a2-c34f-4fb5-9ef2-ad1108e3a467","_type":"reference"},"value":{"pageAnchor":{"_ref":"0eef55a2-c34f-4fb5-9ef2-ad1108e3a467","_type":"reference"}}},{"_key":"3fc8bd064d62","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Are funds right for me?"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"h2"},{"_key":"f4e25a5df60e","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"fa0bcaef29cd","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"On average, investors hold 49% of their investments in funds, making them one of the most popular investment vehicles out there. But are funds really the right option for you? "}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"fed979756bbe","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"64b6ad599651","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"If you prefer the freedom and flexibility of choosing which companies to invest in, shares may be a better choice. However, funds can also be highly diversified, which means your investments might be spread across different regions, sectors and assets. This reduces the risk of any one event, such as a political crisis in a single region, having a significant impact on your investments."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"e1ad6cc3a02a","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"a8b55972e4dd","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"So really it comes down to your personal preference. Here's a round-up of some of the main pros and cons to help you decide if investing in funds is the right choice for you."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"434d193075a7","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"0e7fe5da01de","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"4bc700b962a5","_type":"prosConsWidget","cons":["Don't want to pay a fee","Want to pick your own shares","Want to trade regularly"],"consTitle":"Bad if you ","pros":["Want a broad mix of different shares","Want to invest abroad too","Aren't a whizz trader "],"prosTitle":"Good if you"},{"_key":"48067afe70fe","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"0361b14633a1","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"cec017f1a38c","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"172137ada71e","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""},{"_key":"de53e982c4a9","_type":"mainAnchor","pageAnchor":{"_ref":"60941be5-1a4f-426e-b588-7699bee46271","_type":"reference"}},{"_key":"87cf346319c6","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Why invest in a fund?"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"h2"},{"_key":"93dc72ad81a4","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"3338ff4b26c50","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"A fund is simply the compilation album of the investing world! It’s a nice way to get someone at the sharp end of finance to pick and manage your investments from the bewildering array of bonds and shares on the market. Let’s give a really simple example. "}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"a9403754dc28","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"01c95b2b86ac","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"If we ran the Boring Money UK Shares Fund (which we don’t), we might look at all the UK shares out there and say that HSBC, Shell, ITV and GlaxoSmithKline make the grade. And add them to our investment mix. But chuck out Barclays and Burberry and Sainsburys (all random examples by the way, not tips!). "}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"7669a7ac791c","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"d7e81010a760","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"We’d end up with, say, 50 shares in our compilation album, which we bought for £1 each in our pretend world. So our fund would be worth £50. And we might sell 50 units to people for £1 each. "}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"786bce77dbb8","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"da65bc2f373e","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"The benefit is that for a small investment of just £1, our investors would have a teeny fraction of an investment in 50 different British companies. And we would run and manage this pool of investments for you - so no need to get the calculator out and crunch any numbers!"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"985ff58d82e6","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"2ad32b5454aa","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"There are thousands of funds out there, all with different flavours, and they're among the best ways to get expert help on picking the right investments."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"362c2e7dfc09","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"d766349dbf40","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""},{"_key":"364cd3c1e445","_type":"mainAnchor","pageAnchor":{"_ref":"a5632083-6993-47e2-9bc1-07d0a86ad84c","_type":"reference"}},{"_key":"0a68034d99f40","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"The three main fund structures "}],"markDefs":[],"style":"h2"},{"_key":"4b7b2b21499a","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"5d8b72478bbb","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""},{"_key":"e02338579d1e","_type":"mainAnchor","pageAnchor":{"_ref":"bcd041ed-8ed5-4fc7-8abd-21ee28def30c","_type":"reference"}},{"_key":"6c2a9ecc53f30","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"1. Mutual fund – also known as an open-ended fund, OEIC or UCITS fund"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"h3"},{"_key":"3460d916f7b2","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"0325a805ebd40","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"A mutual fund combines money from multiple investors, which a professional manager invests according to the fund’s goals, such as growth or income, often focusing on specific sectors like European stocks or technology. Being “open-ended,” the fund can adjust its shares based on investor activity, with its value matching the combined value of its holdings. Investors can monitor performance daily through services like Morningstar, comparing it to similar funds or benchmarks like the FTSE All Share for UK funds."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"9f8832eee9c7","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"b0249a4aa624","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""},{"_key":"777c7f3bd35c","_type":"mainAnchor","pageAnchor":{"_ref":"b8467767-7e11-4c31-bea1-aa9f5262781c","_type":"reference"}},{"_key":"6722e89ace4a","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"2. ETF – or exchange-traded fund"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"h3"},{"_key":"ac1f21c74e0a","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"189a0849a0f50","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"ETFs, or Exchange-Traded Funds, are investment funds that provide low-cost, diversified access to various markets, similar to mutual funds. Unlike mutual funds, ETFs trade on stock exchanges, with their prices fluctuating throughout the day based on supply and demand. ETFs often aim to track specific assets, like major stock indices (e.g., S&P 500), commodities, or even currencies. They can be structured using \"physical\" methods (owning a bit of each asset in the index) or \"synthetic\" methods (using derivatives to mimic asset performance). ETFs can also offer leveraged or inverse options to enhance potential gains or bet against an asset's price. They are generally affordable, easy to trade, and flexible for various investment strategies."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"LeftSideText":[{"_key":"6add2d498f76","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"14d23d4bf09a","_type":"span","marks":["strong"],"text":"Discover more about ETFs and how they work"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"}],"_key":"090c0fe4bbd4","_type":"ctaWidget","reference":{"_ref":"5c11d074-1344-4a80-b7eb-b2cb4ce791c7","_type":"reference"},"text":"ETF HUB"},{"_key":"3734671b2a32","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"ebc0f19e9b3d0","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"3. Investment Trusts"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"h3"},{"_key":"47687a68ef20","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"22745b29c849","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Investment trusts are publicly listed companies that pool investors' money to buy shares, bonds, or other assets like property. Managed by a board that oversees the fund manager, they operate as \"closed-ended\" funds, meaning they don’t need to buy or sell assets as investors come and go. This structure suits less liquid investments, and they can also save income from strong years to pay out in weaker ones, offering a steadier return. Investors can buy shares at market prices, sometimes below the actual asset value, and have many options for building a diverse portfolio. Read more on how mutual funds compare to ETFs and Investment Trusts "},{"_key":"3ac6a8b34f46","_type":"span","marks":["bd12d349ce04"],"text":"here"},{"_key":"f569af0635c5","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":". \n"}],"markDefs":[{"_key":"bd12d349ce04","_type":"internalLinkPick","reference":{"_ref":"508b9184-a3ee-4f2c-b9cd-5c61ac88dfaa","_type":"reference"}}],"style":"normal"},{"LeftSideText":[{"_key":"bcb044ecf5ab","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"ba7542cf4442","_type":"span","marks":["strong"],"text":"Find out all you need to know about Investment Trusts in our hub"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"}],"_key":"c677d8dce5ad","_type":"ctaWidget","reference":{"_ref":"c4a944ee-6d37-4a32-ad78-476434729026","_type":"reference"},"text":"READ MORE"},{"_key":"90c958e3a76f","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"58ff5f53dc6e","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""},{"_key":"d942deccb966","_type":"mainAnchor","pageAnchor":{"_ref":"614ab4cf-e295-402a-90a2-ddce00934029","_type":"reference"}},{"_key":"45fae644733a","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Bonds vs shares"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"h2"},{"_key":"e90ad037fc44","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"69fbf9a8af22","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"When it comes to investing with funds, you'll often see the \"portfolio\" - that is, what the fund is actually invested in - broken down into different assets. The two most common assets are bonds and shares, but what actually are they?"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"112a4d6cbc9f","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"c6616cbb00f7","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"What is a bond?"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"h3"},{"_key":"55297b26fffd","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"f9ec30e1d7d7","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Owning a bond is kind of getting an IOU from a government or a company – you buy their bond and you’re lending them money. The dicier the prospect of getting your cash back, the more ‘interest’ they will pay you to compensate for the risk. So an Ecuadorian mining company bond would pay a gazillion times more than the relatively staid UK government, for example. It’s a riskier loan so they’ll compensate you more for taking this extra risk. "}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"ad246f1d9a03","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"d33daf52853b","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Bonds are influenced by interest rates, so they’re behaving a bit weirdly at the moment. If you lend the UK government money for 10 years, they’ll pay you about 4% (at the time of writing). And inflation is hovering around the 10% mark. So you’ll see why bonds are paying attractive rates at the moment - the UK economy is currently grappling with the risk of high inflation!"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"66a2cb7a79bb","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"f67dc90952da","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"What is a share?"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"h3"},{"_key":"42ec8b2bfea7","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"d7677c521ef0","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Shares are also known as ‘equities’ or ‘stocks’. If you own shares, you buy little pieces of the world’s biggest companies. And tie your fortunes to theirs. It's these shares that make up the majority of most funds. "}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"87391d64e98f","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"50f803a42246","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"As a rule of thumb, most ‘equity’ focused funds will have about 40-60 shares in them, although some fund managers have fewer, sticking to their convictions more about which shares are duds and which ones are winners. "}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"230865d11ff5","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"81251b61e60c","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Shares are also one of the few investments where you can get a decent income. Companies often pay out a share of their profits as dividends. The key is to look for an ‘equity income’ fund. Pick the right one and you could get an income of around 3-4% a year!"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"06e377758cad","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"d4019195a987","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"The balance between bonds and shares"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"h3"},{"_key":"46cf69523ea8","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"d519404d9cb6","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Many suggest diversifying, which means a sort-of Combo Meal of bonds "},{"_key":"a61d5d5863e0","_type":"span","marks":["em"],"text":"and "},{"_key":"2e722c7e508b","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"shares. Over the long-term, bonds are usually seen as safer and less choppy than shares, but many believe they will make you less over the long-run too. On the other hand, the stock market can potentially make you profit over the longer-term, but can come with significant short-term risk."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"c973c0042a75","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"c0025ecc2c48","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"c1f67febb327","_type":"prosConsWidget","pros":["You're nearing retirement age","You're not keen on stock market risk"],"prosTitle":"BONDS are better for you if"},{"_key":"e27629a359a2","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"e48f0db1ddad","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"a30ea1e3729e","_type":"prosConsWidget","pros":["You can tolerate the concept of stock market risk","You've got lots of time before you need to access your cash"],"prosTitle":"SHARES are better for you if"},{"_key":"03b6c39b6bf2","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"1ee6f1df4158","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"ed118f277297","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"e3ed41cc210b","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"1c4556aebdc3","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"59b8e9cbba60","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"As a general rule of thumb, if you’re a spring chicken and investing for ages in the future, you should probably look at "},{"_key":"0f04bd6e7f43","_type":"span","marks":["em"],"text":"mostly "},{"_key":"0a524dc1e267","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"shares. If you’re getting on and likely to need your money soon, people typically prefer bonds because they’re less likely to crash as dramatically as shares, leaving you high and dry if you need to cash in your investments. "}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"c44bbef6d561","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"e1b0274abca3","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"f871776e39d7","_type":"textboxWidget","image":{"_type":"mainImage","alt":"Top tip: You don't need to pick exclusively bonds or exclusively shares. In fact, a good mix of the two is often the best way to go about it - just make sure to adjust your weighting according to your preferences. Not putting all your eggs in the basket is the mantra here. "},"text":[{"_key":"dc826f13da73","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"92f0eb6df824","_type":"span","marks":["strong"],"text":"Top tip: You don't need to pick exclusively bonds or exclusively shares. In fact, a good mix of the two is often the best way to go about it - just make sure to adjust your weighting according to your preferences. Not putting all your eggs in the basket is the mantra here. "}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"}]},{"_key":"f7d5fb36fe0f","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"db6952c70b24","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"19431081595a","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"6e263f6e0c3f","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""},{"_key":"394165043e4a","_type":"mainAnchor","pageAnchor":{"_ref":"f0e25e55-88ef-4bd3-96fb-2ea766606d57","_type":"reference"}},{"_key":"d81d41f1e8ee1","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Active vs passive"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"h2"},{"_key":"97fd1b6cacb5","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"b1149c8e019a","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Another couple of phrases you'll often see when investing in funds is 'active' and 'passive', but as the world of finance is renowned for being full of jargon, no one ever seems to explain what these are! Here's what they actually mean and why they matter when deciding on the right fund for you."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"4f4328ace20e","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"267b07472f39","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"What is an active fund?"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"h3"},{"_key":"965f3e1b9c85","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"7e7c85ce1d910","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Most funds in the market are what we call ‘active’. An active fund manager, by definition, thinks he or she is smarter than the average investor. A clever clogs. They think they can spot a bargain. Spot the dog before others. Identify the region that is about to go belly-up. So they pick and choose. If you buy an active fund which invests in shares, you'll usually pay a fee to the fund manager of about 75p-95p for every £100 you entrust to them. "}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"dd074314f1cf","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"e2405d675768","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"What is a passive fund?"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"h3"},{"_key":"b9d2cd328e0c","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"9da255300335","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Passive funds, on the other hand, are devoid of ego and opinion. They're the well-behaved end of the fund market. No one makes a call on whether Share A is better than Share B. They simply follow what we call an index - or a list of shares or bonds in any given market. They buy them in proportion to their size and no judgement calls are made. If you buy a passive fund which invests in shares, you'll usually pay a fee to the fund manager of about 8-12p for every £100 you entrust to them. It’s a lot cheaper because it’s run by a computer, rather than an expensive human. "}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"365e8264db90","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"faa5a312feb3","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"How to decide between active vs passive funds"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"h3"},{"_key":"b8221aa671cb","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"4799dbdc92b40","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"There are pros and cons to each approach. Passive funds will tend to be cheaper and have performed well over much of the past decade as a result of strong performance from the technology giants (which form a large share of most capitalisation-weighted indices). However, they can have certain biases – the MSCI World has a 70%+ weighting to the US[2],  for example. Equally, bond indices can have higher weights in companies that have issued the most bonds – i.e. the most indebted. This can increase risk."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"611ac6f8c648","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"d022771f72c90","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"With active funds, there tends to be extremes. Some fund managers will be very successful and deliver better returns than the wider market, while others will find their analysis doesn’t pay off. Investors need to be willing to take a risk on the manager’s skill."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"c39c65e3ba8a","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"3c62d7c5ecdd","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"The jury is out on which is best, but passive funds will inherently return the average of any market. Some active funds will go further and smash it – but others will underperform and charge you for the privilege! So it depends on your risk appetite, among other things. Happy to sit back and copy what the markets do? Passive is for you. Want to leave it to the experts to crunch the numbers and try to outperform? Then try active.\n"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"ad85bfad7fcf","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"3d022ec4e243","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"769a3bdcb210","_type":"emailSignupWidget","brazeSubscriptionGroupId":"80bb057b-016f-4c60-8fed-bc2199e56dc7","brazeSubscriptionRef":{"_ref":"75cfa314-bcb6-4835-9c3d-28febc21b8d6","_type":"reference"},"image":{"_type":"mainImage","alt":"Sign up here!"},"paragraphText":"Get the best-performing funds, market commentary and jargon free insight delivered straight to your inbox every month. Join our Fund Newsletter.\n","title":"Sign up here!"},{"_key":"9082b2e04f18","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"eca87e721854","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"9ed19b6fc9ee","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"0ee0c876052d","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"---"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"1fdae174a2eb","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"4e62aed3fa81","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"3aafc66da691","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"7eacb7f07336","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"[1] "},{"_key":"d5da36f05625","_type":"span","marks":["873e1e148fbf"],"text":"PwC, March 2024"}],"markDefs":[{"_key":"873e1e148fbf","_type":"internalLinkPick","blank":true,"reference":{"_ref":"145cfde5-0dfc-42d5-920b-0b191331e84e","_type":"reference"}}],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"303192e61fb6","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"1928cb41e922","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"[2] "},{"_key":"341d43b08b6b","_type":"span","marks":["a4f8efc4fe28"],"text":"MSCI, November 2024"}],"markDefs":[{"_key":"a4f8efc4fe28","_type":"internalLinkPick","blank":true,"reference":{"_ref":"b300e7f8-9ee8-475d-85f0-bcccebda9deb","_type":"reference"}}],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"49a0d84ddbed","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"cae41be45c6b","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"[3] "},{"_key":"653072da076b","_type":"span","marks":["d77d4f4a9a3d"],"text":"Trustnet, January 2023"}],"markDefs":[{"_key":"d77d4f4a9a3d","_type":"internalLinkPick","blank":true,"reference":{"_ref":"39231df5-0e90-4b9c-abc7-f980c11317c9","_type":"reference"}}],"style":"normal"}],"categories":[{"_key":"1a989c0fd8ee","_ref":"4dc1ccb5-1a9d-4ee4-ace6-90c800bf0901","_type":"reference"},{"_key":"761051b73014","_ref":"c058e54c-c37a-4991-8f09-bdfb81de2b4a","_type":"reference"},{"_key":"89ab44c91dc9","_ref":"b09bc8a1-3225-47eb-aa7d-538473acdb89","_type":"reference"}],"excerpt":[{"_key":"0c5edb6fe2c3","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"e3cfba5e3d06","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Funds are ready-made baskets of investments managed for you by an expert. A great way to avoid making a clanger by choosing one duff share. 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One issue is lack of flexibility. Because ETFs typically track an index, you have no control over the individual companies included. If a sector you don’t support (like fossil fuels or tobacco) is heavily represented in a broad market ETF, there’s not much you can do about it. This can be a drawback for "},{"_key":"6c28ef491aaf","_type":"span","marks":["5aab59721fc3"],"text":"ethical"},{"_key":"370dd1259229","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":" investors who want to align their portfolio with their values."}],"markDefs":[{"_key":"5aab59721fc3","_type":"glossaryPick","reference":{"_ref":"5cb1800e-1555-43a2-83d8-bd1d19a586fe","_type":"reference"}}],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"7a60017a89b5","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"6b38641ab2cc","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""},{"_key":"bb505b264510","_type":"mainAnchor","pageAnchor":{"_ref":"cd10a6ae-7510-4135-8400-f12ba04fda3d","_type":"reference"}},{"_key":"7dd65ce281b4","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"❌ Beware of owning too many"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"h3"},{"_key":"1728bd5cc2c2","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"b1bfa84f2454","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Another thing to watch out for is over-diversification or “diworsification.” Some investors load up on lots of ETFs without realising there’s significant overlap between the "},{"_key":"e2c6c9e2e9bf","_type":"span","marks":["46e65d891c29"],"text":"underlying"},{"_key":"4b9bd5e1f275","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":" assets. For example, if you own a global ETF and a US-focused ETF, you might be doubling up on the same stocks. It’s important to understand what’s actually inside your ETFs to avoid unintended risk or redundancy."}],"markDefs":[{"_key":"46e65d891c29","_type":"glossaryPick","reference":{"_ref":"cb2d54a5-51bd-4510-96c6-badad138eff7","_type":"reference"}}],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"e3bd9ee6ecec","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"14bac8b5c670","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""},{"_key":"648c01633d9c","_type":"mainAnchor","pageAnchor":{"_ref":"34c4bdaa-bb71-424f-972c-c0de69e9f1df","_type":"reference"}},{"_key":"f41184660529","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"❌ Still rise and fall with the market"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"h3"},{"_key":"e295c312435d","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"ef70c1df0055","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Finally, while many ETFs are passive by design, that doesn’t mean they’re completely safe or immune to market crashes. If the market an ETF tracks drops, so will your investment. You’re accepting market returns – for better or worse. ETFs are a great foundation, but they’re not a silver bullet for investment success."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"95b1fcdbdfe9","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"5f0da20db839","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""},{"_key":"764983d86d97","_type":"mainAnchor","pageAnchor":{"_ref":"b683c5e6-6236-4a17-bf7d-90ec37ffeb0d","_type":"reference"}},{"_key":"81e7b973b1d5","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Top questions on ETFs"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"h2"},{"_key":"a181b5533fdb","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"e98d4b06806c","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""},{"_key":"a6126a3aa223","_type":"mainAnchor","pageAnchor":{"_ref":"9f5319b0-7128-4672-9d72-529aa7f21814","_type":"reference"}},{"_key":"64cb416ca8380","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"How much do ETFs cost?"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"h3"},{"_key":"fc122a15382d","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"7884beb22fb0","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"ETFs trade on stock exchanges just like individual shares, which means you buy and sell them on online investment platforms. You will often be charged a commission on each buy or sell transaction."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"c502aabc7234","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"dadf564d0a4b","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"ETFs themselves usually have an annual "},{"_key":"1443cc198b51","_type":"span","marks":["89cfe4ee3312"],"text":"management fee"},{"_key":"0156aa55050c","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":", which is typically quite low - especially for large, well-known ETFs that track broad indices. However, more niche ETFs may charge slightly higher fees due to their specific focus. "}],"markDefs":[{"_key":"89cfe4ee3312","_type":"glossaryPick","reference":{"_ref":"639ead5f-b190-4b44-bc4f-805ab4d8fcf4","_type":"reference"}}],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"481a8c10a10d","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"8658e29d1d86","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Another cost to consider is the "},{"_key":"253b1edbd313","_type":"span","marks":["7f92891a603e"],"text":"bid-ask spread"},{"_key":"8f784cbe584c","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":", which is the difference between the price at which a platform is willing to buy and sell the ETF – this is similar to a "},{"_key":"1ea37f15d05e","_type":"span","marks":["76b31858e487"],"text":"currency exchange"},{"_key":"45faed2a72af","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"."}],"markDefs":[{"_key":"7f92891a603e","_type":"glossaryPick","reference":{"_ref":"acfdf9ca-55f2-4ccd-8aee-3201a6153b7b","_type":"reference"}},{"_key":"76b31858e487","_type":"glossaryPick","reference":{"_ref":"c45b581e-8764-40ef-8780-ef02845ed5fc","_type":"reference"}}],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"7104cc654d2a","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"a069bc4adb27","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"In terms of "},{"_key":"2d94f54238dd","_type":"span","marks":["7648f8a791df"],"text":"transaction fees"},{"_key":"182bc4de1ace","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":", they will range from being free up to  £11.95 per trade depending on the platform you are investing on. If you’re making regular contributions to your ETF, these costs can add up over time, so it’s essential to keep an eye on fees - especially if you’re investing small amounts frequently."}],"markDefs":[{"_key":"7648f8a791df","_type":"glossaryPick","reference":{"_ref":"af4eb285-d6ee-484f-89ac-d776bbfcb0c5","_type":"reference"}}],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"6975d7bc829f","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"2f25377ef185","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""},{"_key":"743052052ddb","_type":"mainAnchor","pageAnchor":{"_ref":"043c4d3a-e208-4710-92d6-2a77330c0be0","_type":"reference"}},{"_key":"6348fbed8524","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Active vs passive ETFs"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"h3"},{"_key":"71cf2ab6ddd4","_type":"mainImage","asset":{"_ref":"image-7ca3e9317480168a1de35cfa1a4a9b3f6249f78e-1920x1080-png","_type":"reference"},"blankAltTag":true},{"_key":"397cdc9d2c24","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"afae1c0135fa","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"9ef4fc8c4ec3","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"80803ed8ed2d","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"The active vs passive debate is central to investing in ETFs. "}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"fcc7ca1029b0","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"d36caa331723","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"A passive ETF tracks an index and aims to mirror its performance. This type of fund is cost-effective because there’s no need for an active fund manager to make investment decisions. While you won’t outperform the market, you’ll capture its returns at a low cost. Passive ETFs are great for investors who prefer a hands-off approach, and they provide broad exposure to various markets. However, you may end up owning companies or sectors that are underperforming."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"39b56cc28e27","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"45bf65d5b435","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"On the other hand, active ETFs involve fund managers selecting stocks with the goal of outperforming the index. These ETFs typically come with higher fees, as you're paying for the expertise of the manager. 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They offer broad market exposure (e.g., global or sector-specific indices) usually at a lower cost to actively managed funds, making them ideal for beginner investors looking to build a low-maintenance portfolio."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"02935918ca93","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"04d0ba4ed0c9","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"💭 Choose between active and passive "}],"markDefs":[],"style":"h3"},{"_key":"624b809b0419","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"bb32e5b61ec7","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Deciding whether to invest in passive or active ETFs depends on your investment goals. Passive ETFs track a market index and typically have lower fees, while active ETFs are managed by professionals aiming to beat the market. 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They pool together the money of investors (the trust's shareholders) and professional"},{"_key":"cf04b29e7808","_type":"span","marks":["0dc04f86fbe6"],"text":" fund managers"},{"_key":"e32c287aff05","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":" then invest this money in a diversified mix of "},{"_key":"d5c10a7cb69b","_type":"span","marks":["dae918e4dc8f"],"text":"assets"},{"_key":"00e617852dac","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":" - such as "},{"_key":"4dce9bf956a0","_type":"span","marks":["acf0e1aef236"],"text":"shares"},{"_key":"30ab9d197a8b","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":", "},{"_key":"b98c4a9280d9","_type":"span","marks":["ae80e5c2e424"],"text":"bonds"},{"_key":"ef5b5138e1c9","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":", or property - according to the investment aims of the particular trust."}],"markDefs":[{"_key":"ccc3e390b038","_type":"glossaryPick","reference":{"_ref":"18e00366-dfcb-4186-8d35-7d6abf19fde7","_type":"reference"}},{"_key":"ae80e5c2e424","_type":"glossaryPick","reference":{"_ref":"ea467285-7d48-4093-b16e-76d3f8a95fc1","_type":"reference"}},{"_key":"dae918e4dc8f","_type":"glossaryPick","reference":{"_ref":"bbd21391-fb19-4ae7-9dd4-03e45b9ff515","_type":"reference"}},{"_key":"0dc04f86fbe6","_type":"glossaryPick","reference":{"_ref":"52cb8779-f204-4e14-b5e9-c3bb3cf56993","_type":"reference"}},{"_key":"acf0e1aef236","_type":"internalLinkPick","reference":{"_ref":"5b858673-70a9-4b94-bbfb-aec333a62ae9","_type":"reference"}}],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"989f2700802e","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"83fc9f89aa2a","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Unlike mutual funds, Investment Trusts are structured as closed-ended companies, meaning the number of shares available at any one time is fixed. This structure can lead to shares trading at a "},{"_key":"ca34a1df2419","_type":"span","marks":["db7d16e2b826"],"text":"premium"},{"_key":"7e483654a0fc","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":" or "},{"_key":"24f6721e852d","_type":"span","marks":["b541dc26b4e7"],"text":"discount"},{"_key":"c8a9e5db5ce9","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":" to the value of the underlying assets ("},{"_key":"d7c880d3e19e","_type":"span","marks":["38020b4e5112"],"text":"NAV"},{"_key":"f9e7404ed02b","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"), depending on investor demand."}],"markDefs":[{"_key":"db7d16e2b826","_type":"glossaryPick","reference":{"_ref":"1830ef60-3809-4512-81e2-615746b98703","_type":"reference"}},{"_key":"b541dc26b4e7","_type":"glossaryPick","reference":{"_ref":"e83fac5f-7b96-4a74-a65e-ba25dad1285e","_type":"reference"}},{"_key":"38020b4e5112","_type":"glossaryPick","reference":{"_ref":"fed61c02-3002-4768-9374-16377d6a555f","_type":"reference"}}],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"a2afd30ca564","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"3b189eacf653","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Investment Trusts can suit a range of different investment styles and goals. You can choose trusts that focus on specific regions, such as Europe, the US, or emerging markets, or sectors like technology, healthcare, renewable energy, or infrastructure. There are also trusts that focus on niche areas like property or care homes, providing exposure to investments that may be otherwise difficult to access or trade (\""},{"_key":"e129343ccb8b","_type":"span","marks":["ea49f06947df"],"text":"illiquid"},{"_key":"1ce1ed5704d8","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"\")."}],"markDefs":[{"_key":"ea49f06947df","_type":"glossaryPick","reference":{"_ref":"218d3eda-c963-4bda-8132-0eaae6e1bbd2","_type":"reference"}}],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"c894f0d25c5d","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"f974a8a3f536","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"One of the key benefits of Investment Trusts is their potential to provide regular income. Many trusts pay cash "},{"_key":"6b1303b80038","_type":"span","marks":["5a8128b50585"],"text":"dividends"},{"_key":"90e3bcf565f8","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":", which is why they're popular with income-seeking investors such as retirees. Investment Trusts can also retain income in strong years, allowing them to continue paying dividends during more difficult periods - a feature known as dividend smoothing."}],"markDefs":[{"_key":"5a8128b50585","_type":"glossaryPick","reference":{"_ref":"879c473d-ba07-433e-ad4d-217e24243b54","_type":"reference"}}],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"080731a11e49","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"67dabc5842bb","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"In summary, Investment Trusts offer a flexible, expert-led way to invest in a variety of markets and sectors, with the added bonus of potentially generating a regular stream of income too."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"b8f862c95ac9","_type":"textboxWidget","image":{"_type":"mainImage","alt":"Alianz Merchant Trust logo ","asset":{"_ref":"image-0b1b4a27762b16293e7c4fad0e14f18dbacfc99c-1080x1080-png","_type":"reference"}},"imagePosition":"Top right","text":[{"_key":"027d4c47d0c4","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"ac6a2c2bfeb9","_type":"span","marks":["strong","24cf1f6f8ce6"],"text":"Merchants Trust"},{"_key":"291bd793d189","_type":"span","marks":["strong"],"text":": Dividend-Focused Investing Since 1889"}],"markDefs":[{"_key":"24cf1f6f8ce6","_type":"internalLinkPick","blank":true,"reference":{"_ref":"47831403-8359-442d-9a6d-228f8174e049","_type":"reference"}}],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"d14100f3e9d2","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"2d19207574a7","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Want an investment that puts income first? Merchants Trust has been delivering dividends to investors since 1889, making it one of the UK's most established Investment Trusts."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"a4a6883d20e9","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"a96f8ecb5612","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Merchants focuses on what it does best: investing in large, well-known UK companies that consistently pay and grow their dividends. These aren't just British businesses—many are global multinationals listed in London, giving you worldwide exposure with the benefit of the UK's gold-standard corporate governance."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"1e1348afc024","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"14f09c3e346f","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Portfolio Manager Simon Gergel and his team are unapologetic income seekers, carefully selecting companies that they hope can maintain strong profit margins and increase dividends over time. This focused approach aims to deliver both rising income and long-term capital growth."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"215aac054a2e","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"19df027d5e4c","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"With over 130 years of experience navigating markets, Merchants combines heritage with modern investment expertise. The trust benefits from an independent board dedicated to protecting shareholder interests."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"}],"title":"Sponsored Message"},{"_key":"99f2a961d957","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"e3aa6b552b23","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"LeftSideText":[{"_key":"19d37568db45","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"ed02f6b0cb28","_type":"span","marks":["strong"],"text":"Ready to put dividends first? Visit The Merchants Trusts’ website today to discover how The Merchants Trust can help build your income and grow your wealth over the long term."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"16e391537eb5","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"7821a002d3130","_type":"span","marks":["em"],"text":""}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"}],"_key":"6686e8599042","_type":"ctaWidget","loggedInOptions":"Display for both logged out and logged in users","openNewTab":true,"partner":true,"reference":{"_ref":"47831403-8359-442d-9a6d-228f8174e049","_type":"reference"},"text":"VISIT SITE"},{"_key":"a37339e7a09b","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"b6119c2d8f7f","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"e7c00b3b2796","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"2c07e60a4da8","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""},{"_key":"3a045beca655","_type":"mainAnchor","pageAnchor":{"_ref":"094d1a3e-f7bf-4543-a216-e6804a5653f3","_type":"reference"}},{"_key":"7400f049b056","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Are Investment Trusts right for me?"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"h2"},{"_key":"da726e264102","_type":"prosConsWidget","cons":["Need access to your money at short notice","Are new to investing and don’t want to mess with discounts, premiums, or volatility","Are risk-averse and would prefer to stick with cash or something similar"],"consTitle":"Bad if you ","pros":["Are comfortable with the idea of ups and downs","Want access to a broad range of investments but don’t fancy picking stocks yourself","Trust the pros to steer the ship"],"prosTitle":"Good if you "},{"_key":"bbc4c864c5f9","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"274fef21dfed","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""},{"_key":"1231ad32bbd9","_type":"mainAnchor","pageAnchor":{"_ref":"a2748707-923a-4ba0-b66d-cbe3a285ea46","_type":"reference"}},{"_key":"bfbdaaec0a78","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"The pros of Investment Trusts"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"h2"},{"_key":"987121fd1d55","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"b066335137b2","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""},{"_key":"a106ca03e81d","_type":"mainAnchor","pageAnchor":{"_ref":"c61f58f5-a3e8-4203-9ded-6b3875fa2188","_type":"reference"}},{"_key":"46ad9aed4eea","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"✅ Potential for higher returns"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"h3"},{"_key":"3e95d338e20f","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"3228d62622a3","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Investment Trusts can borrow money to try and boost returns with a process called “"},{"_key":"93ad4aee2bcf","_type":"span","marks":["915385f7dc42"],"text":"gearing"},{"_key":"dbb790e24479","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":".” If the trust’s underlying investments do well, borrowing can help make magnify the gains. Also, because Investment Trusts don’t have to sell investments when shareholders take their money out (unlike other types of fund), the manager has the freedom to focus on long-term growth without being forced to react to short-term panic. So investors also benefit from having an expert at the helm with the discretion to make informed decisions to maximise profit. We explain more about gearing in the next section."}],"markDefs":[{"_key":"915385f7dc42","_type":"glossaryPick","reference":{"_ref":"f97d6d3d-a4b0-45b3-a1a0-740b0e4d32d6","_type":"reference"}}],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"d80ac354e71e","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"de4c277b16d2","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""},{"_key":"dc4de9583c83","_type":"mainAnchor","pageAnchor":{"_ref":"6fa81efd-82ed-42c2-a837-c792bcb22e99","_type":"reference"}},{"_key":"0cb280b89aeb","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"✅ Reliable income"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"h3"},{"_key":"06efd25d4dd7","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"ebbf9ceeeea0","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Many Investment Trusts are known for providing a steady income, thanks to something called “dividend smoothing.” Unlike regular funds, which have to pay out all the income they earn each year, Investment Trusts are allowed to hold back up to 15% of that income. They can stash it away in a reserve during the good years and then use those reserves to top up payouts in tougher years, when income might dip. "}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"09f8756504e9","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"c9cbbb226677","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"This creates a smoother, more reliable stream of income for investors. It’s especially useful for people who rely on dividends to pay the bills, such as those in retirement, or anyone who simply prefers a consistent drip of income rather than big highs and lows. Some trusts have done this so well that they’ve managed to increase their dividend every single year for decades, even during financial crises and market crashes. "}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"b1bd31ed541b","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"55fa0c0f896c","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""},{"_key":"d064746f773e","_type":"mainAnchor","pageAnchor":{"_ref":"794509b4-5361-4868-b0d0-39b68b1c15dc","_type":"reference"}},{"_key":"2c81483cd2e1","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"✅ Independent oversight"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"h3"},{"_key":"25a4a648d1f6","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"825a8816d961","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Every Investment Trust has its own independent board of directors and their job is to make sure everything’s running as it should. Think of them like a watchdog or a built-in quality control team. They don’t manage the money directly, but they do oversee the "},{"_key":"ee7dec9f1d2b","_type":"span","marks":["6c743728b6de"],"text":"fund manager"},{"_key":"f45db98760d9","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":", making sure they’re sticking to the trust’s strategy and doing a good job for investors."}],"markDefs":[{"_key":"6c743728b6de","_type":"glossaryPick","reference":{"_ref":"52cb8779-f204-4e14-b5e9-c3bb3cf56993","_type":"reference"}}],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"1e96a3919610","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"f6dba4981e15","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"If the trust is performing badly, taking too much risk, or drifting away from its stated goals, the board can step in, ask tough questions, and even replace the manager if needed. It’s their job to put investors’ interests first and hold the manager accountable. This kind of independent oversight is a big plus for Investment Trusts and not something you always get with other types of funds."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"31f57f469a2a","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"ec4985853e6e","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""},{"_key":"d75330187d67","_type":"mainAnchor","pageAnchor":{"_ref":"ff165e53-bd82-4801-b660-c14c1f2d9808","_type":"reference"}},{"_key":"22d77001232b","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"The cons of Investment Trusts"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"h2"},{"_key":"a8124a8c29f3","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"a20f416997cc","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""},{"_key":"a54dc452d47f","_type":"mainAnchor","pageAnchor":{"_ref":"9b4cea8b-d750-4aa5-abff-0daffb6c21cb","_type":"reference"}},{"_key":"d46e98709f3a","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"❌ More complex pricing"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"h3"},{"_key":"e67850bac45d","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"b8362b4bf79f","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Investment Trusts are listed on the stock market, which means you buy and sell them just like shares. But here’s the catch: the price you pay isn’t always the same as the value of what the trust actually owns - known as the Net Asset Value (NAV)."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"52cbe0cee3dc","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"f6fc34513289","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Sometimes, a trust’s shares trade at a premium, meaning you’re paying "},{"_key":"f445ca7120fb","_type":"span","marks":["em"],"text":"more"},{"_key":"a2132321b21a","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":" than the total value of its assets. Other times, they trade at a discount, which means you’re getting the assets for less than they’re technically worth. That can sound like a bargain (and sometimes it is), but it can also be a sign that something’s not right - like poor performance or low demand."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"41f4e84268c6","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"22908b3bb771","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"This adds an extra layer of complexity, especially for newer investors. You’re not just looking at how the underlying investments are doing, you also have to think about how the market feels about the trust itself, which can affect the price."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"63d25222e343","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"72026564e187","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""},{"_key":"679fdad8c870","_type":"mainAnchor","pageAnchor":{"_ref":"44bb3d1e-b243-4451-81d3-20d682dadb53","_type":"reference"}},{"_key":"02eac03b2b4c","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"❌ Volatility from gearing"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"h3"},{"_key":"573c14c47d8c","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"43239b21b7bb","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Gearing can boost returns when markets are rising, as the trust has more capital working for it. But it cuts both ways. If markets fall, gearing can amplify losses, because the trust still owes what it borrowed. That means a small market dip can lead to a bigger hit to your investment."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"32ee3a8b93d0","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"849b6da99cad","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Think of it like going downhill on a bike - fast and fun when things are smooth, but risky if you hit a bump."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"ce08f334bd29","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"492b89afc6c8","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Not all trusts use gearing, and those that do vary in how much. If you're risk-averse, nearing retirement, or might need your money soon, a geared trust may not be the right fit. Always check before you invest - the "},{"_key":"38ab6bff7723","_type":"span","marks":["562c044fcda2"],"text":"Association of Investment Companies (AIC)"},{"_key":"cb24c5106044","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":" is an industry body which represents trusts in the UK and is a great place to start your research."}],"markDefs":[{"_key":"562c044fcda2","_type":"internalLinkPick","blank":true,"reference":{"_ref":"a096aa70-a20c-4b8a-a6a1-cb4a650afce6","_type":"reference"}}],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"9e94bdbf275f","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"53101b04439a","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"a444e9eff618","_type":"textboxWidget","image":{"_type":"mainImage","asset":{"_ref":"image-c1a44dfa26a59e148b8614f83e2a1df3f4b4cdcf-1080x1080-png","_type":"reference"},"blankAltTag":true},"imagePosition":"Top right","text":[{"_key":"fdf7147b9782","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"422f50bec8c0","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"💡 Where to check for gearing"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"h4"},{"_key":"d7c038e7d74d","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"00db00ad188e","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Investment Trust factsheets and/or annual reports typically display the current gearing level as a percentage of total assets. For example, a gearing level of 10% means the trust has borrowed an amount equal to 10% of its net assets, allowing it to invest more than it otherwise could. 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It's a good service - helpful people on the phones, the app is clear enough to use, and there is a load of investment choice with good research. Recently announced price changes will remove many previous niggles about them being too expensive and put them firmly back in the game as a serious consideration for most investors who value support, research, and reliability rather than simply hunting down the lowest charge out there. Being critical, they have stood still for too long; the tech is a bit average, and it's time they did something innovative for customers again to deserve their spot at the top of the pack. But there is an air of change and determination there which I’ve not seen for a while, so I’m optimistic."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"}]},{"_key":"eab994d72772","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"af8cb8ecc77f","_type":"span","marks":["em"],"text":"*This is the view of investment expert Holly Mackay based on her first-hand customer experience as a test account holder. 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A fund dealing charge refers to the cost of buying or selling a fund. "}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"3d59c589c81f","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"8ed900a52b52","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"*A share platform charge refers to fees charged for holding an investment in listed securities (e.g. shares, ETFs, bonds). A share dealing charge refers to the the cost of buying or selling a listed security. The share dealing charge will vary depending on the amount of trades made in the previous month. "}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"9d0ecc927897","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"d73e16ee3bec","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Hargreaves Lansdown LISA fees"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"h4"},{"_key":"2079147f8c18","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"880f8ba027790","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"The platform charge drops from 0.35% to 0.25% for LISAs. 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There are no charges to set up your account and there’s no inactivity fee."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"e6b0b83b033f","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"27ac53b918fa0","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"You can set up an AJ Bell JISA with just a £250 initial lump sum or start with £25 monthly regular investing instalments for a discount on dealing charges."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"}],"title":"AJ Bell JISA review"},{"_key":"6f1d1b2c31d3","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"9b011f5b7d38","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"75a22685533f","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"0a12567e344a","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""},{"_key":"3d20deccc33e","_type":"mainAnchor","pageAnchor":{"_ref":"4e980c11-5605-4480-b5cf-9ef6d1970af0","_type":"reference"}},{"_key":"c2f59f19ba7f","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Fees and charges"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"h2"},{"_key":"11b8dc8a01ef","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"f5057cde4ccf0","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"When investing in stocks or funds, you'll typically encounter two main types of charges. 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shares"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"}]},{"_key":"5f50d546601f","_type":"cell","tableStyle":"W","value":[{"_key":"6f62b1a13b86","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"3000ee7693300","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"£5.00**"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"}]}]}],"tableStyle":"DB-W-LB","title":"AJ Bell Dealing Charges"},{"_key":"1d08cc6c1186","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"f45cfae49272","_type":"span","marks":["em"],"text":"*There are no dealing charges when buying AJ Bell Funds."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"0db0fca84ca4","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"6fdb3ab90df00","_type":"span","marks":["em"],"text":"**A lower ‘frequent’ shares dealing charge of £3.50 applies when you have completed 10 or more share deals in the previous month."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"ff22a4f1a98c","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"1c9da49edf750","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Other 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If a fund fails due to fraud or mismanagement, you may be eligible for compensation from the "},{"_key":"99c08bdf5c00","_type":"span","marks":["fd93d3fc8d0a"],"text":"Financial Services Compensation Scheme (FSCS)"},{"_key":"6e360df22cb4","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":". The FSCS protection is capped at £120,000 per person, per fund manager (not per individual fund). 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If you then went to pay this £2,000 "},{"_key":"263820b284b91","_type":"span","marks":["em"],"text":"back in"},{"_key":"263820b284b92","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":" during the same tax year, it would count as an"},{"_key":"263820b284b93","_type":"span","marks":["em"],"text":" additional"},{"_key":"263820b284b94","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":" £2,000 – taking your total contributions for the year up to £12,000 (and thus closer to the £20,000 allowance)."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"15cc7d0bf604","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"cf57144bf6430","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"On the other hand, a flexible ISA would enable you to withdraw funds and pay them back in without affecting your allowance."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"b8d25381a066","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"072a4dcf850d","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""},{"_key":"491adf7bda54","_type":"mainAnchor","pageAnchor":{"_ref":"d03cc619-c9e7-4fb3-875a-23822616f0a5","_type":"reference"}},{"_key":"406f686f8b8b0","_type":"span","marks":["strong"],"text":"How to withdraw money from AJ Bell"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"h3"},{"_key":"fb4e2ec2fe19","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"5888355bedee0","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"It’s a straightforward process to withdraw money from AJ Bell - you can withdraw cash from your Stocks & Shares ISA on the website. Simply log into your online account, select which account you want to withdraw cash from and select 'Withdrawals' from the account menu."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"583fa1a91d05","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"f1531685e17d0","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"For security purposes, you’ll be asked a series of authentication checks every time you withdraw from an AJ Bell account. From there it should take between one to three working days for the money to arrive in your linked bank account."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"653780d5508e","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"923b9508a7c90","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Cash cannot be withdrawn from a JISA until your child turns 18. You can withdraw cash from a LISA at any time, however doing so for purposes other than to purchase your first property or save for retirement will incur a 25% penalty charge (effectively wiping out the government top-ups). 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Remember that investments can also fall, so you might not get all of your money back. Tax treatment depends on individual circumstances and may change."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"}],"title":"Information: "},{"_key":"f716293b728e","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"2d19c3977e21","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"}],"brazeCustomAttributes":[{"_key":"8814180d635e","_type":"brazeCustomAttribute","customAttributeKey":"SIGNUPPAGE_BM_ProviderPage","customAttributeValue":"https://www.boringmoney.co.uk/isas-pensions/aj-bell-youinvest/"}],"categories":[{"_key":"a07e2727acd2","_ref":"2845ba64-de47-4336-abc9-216ccbb41a52","_type":"reference"}],"company":{"_ref":"c6c92ca9-537f-46d5-9c6c-b73d9869073c","_type":"reference"},"emailSignupWidgetButtonText":"READ FULL REVIEW","emailSignupWidgetImage":{"_type":"mainImage","alt":"Gated content"},"emailSignupWidgetParagraphText":"Boring Money conducts rigorous, year-round testing on AJ Bell using our live account. 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But size doesn't always equal value – especially when typical investors could save money by choosing the right platform for their specific needs."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"a95ab0787fd7","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"61379a0489ad0","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Our analysis shows AJ Bell YouInvest particularly stands out for:"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"f1dbf4fba898","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"f8e67b85338c0","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Competitive fees "}],"level":1,"listItem":"bullet","markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"c446ad78c340","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"fb5485637da70","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Extensive investment range including shares, funds, and ETFs"}],"level":1,"listItem":"bullet","markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"c8831b17ce40","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"ebbefe71d0610","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Research tools and regular market insights"}],"level":1,"listItem":"bullet","markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"44728e734c69","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"bc599fc105b00","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"}],"hideTitle":false,"linkMenu":[{"_key":"0b3dfb6fe5e8","_ref":"54579584-9466-45f9-b79a-1946b44d7f0d","_type":"reference"}],"mainImage":{"_type":"mainImage","alt":"aj bell","asset":{"_ref":"image-ba6b86859eb77ea1543666422f6b957e0e025fb6-1080x1080-jpg","_type":"reference"},"blankAltTag":true},"pageBreadcrumb":{"_ref":"8f5ab9fb-224b-4f57-ba6c-6518bb4164ec","_type":"reference"},"publishedAt":"2025-01-01T09:23:00.000Z","slug":{"_type":"slug","current":"aj-bell-youinvest"},"subfolder":{"_ref":"7d9bb145-3ebb-402e-a729-6a28b4d8ea93","_type":"reference"},"subtitle":"Independent review by Boring Money","template":"C-SB","textNextToKey":"Sign up for free to read more!","title":"Is AJ Bell good for investing?","widgets":[{"_key":"02b4d2146166","_ref":"3e61a3a8-dd9d-4888-a6ce-2dbb3b4521bc","_type":"reference"},{"_key":"b4cfa7b8d1ed","_ref":"3fefd2ec-9177-427c-9149-529cd1417d24","_type":"reference"}],"id":"-90e537c1-1c19-591a-913b-da530c91d620","children":[],"parent":null}},{"_key":"abe234734263","_type":"internalLinkPick","reference":{"_id":"22d041fa-4595-43c0-9055-7853b8b849f0","_type":"information","_rev":"VYIam5qp2lNOT8lvoaUHAp","_createdAt":"2021-08-30T10:50:17Z","_updatedAt":"2026-05-01T08:21:43Z","_system":{"base":{"id":"22d041fa-4595-43c0-9055-7853b8b849f0","rev":"54Nm1FGTvxGebyndD2c952"}},"authors":[{"_key":"abe5c98b2960","_type":"personReference","people":{"_ref":"925e17b9-7c7f-43b6-9905-84ebe6bf3907","_type":"reference"}}],"body":[{"_key":"464183fe481a","_type":"providerHeaderWidget","company":{"_ref":"74d5a1e5-87ac-4f50-a28f-a13923a64829","_type":"reference"}},{"_key":"428b009b3fa6","_type":"anchorMenuMobile","title":"menu"},{"_key":"817e0975ea68","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"998733f3c0f4","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""},{"_key":"6855dcd0e28b","_type":"mainAnchor","pageAnchor":{"_ref":"be67f70a-2e31-4e77-9282-6784550f85ce","_type":"reference"}},{"_key":"ebe9852a6451","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"aba1cfbe11cc","_type":"ourRatingWidget","company":{"_ref":"74d5a1e5-87ac-4f50-a28f-a13923a64829","_type":"reference"}},{"_key":"06e56ad4e01f","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"8553927898e8","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""},{"_key":"92dc6c963ebf","_type":"mainAnchor","pageAnchor":{"_ref":"e17eb14a-5082-4a31-911c-e8cf2665fa72","_type":"reference"}},{"_key":"c18545c6b1b4","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Investment expert’s opinion "}],"markDefs":[],"style":"h2"},{"_key":"9e41eb5aaa05","_type":"blockQuote","adviserName":"Holly Mackay","jobTitle":"Founder & CEO, Boring Money*","photo":{"_type":"mainImage","alt":"Holly Mackay","asset":{"_ref":"image-07b1620dff47adb00f7704e8ba793962e9b83389-1000x707-jpg","_type":"reference"}},"quote":[{"_key":"e8c4e3801514","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"d28952914b50","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"interactive Investor has been steadily improving. Price revisions now make this compelling for those with smaller accounts and also those who manage family accounts. The community app will appeal to those who love investing and want all the chat - it won't be for everyone. The app is good, although the research feels a little 'standalone' and not well integrated to those reviewing existing portfolios. I'm being picky there - it's a very decently priced offer which becomes pretty hard to fault for more seasoned investors with larger sums to invest and manage."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"}]},{"_key":"6ef4fccf92a5","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"55e4dc878e1e","_type":"span","marks":["em"],"text":"*This is the view of investment expert Holly Mackay based on her first-hand customer experience as a test account holder. This does not constitute regulated advice. 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Based in Manchester with offices in London and Leeds, interactive investor – often shortened to ‘ii’ - boasts over 490,000 customers and has assets under administration of over £97.5 billion. ii’s parent company, Aberdeen, is the largest active asset management firm in the UK. Interactive Investor's acquisition by aberdeen was completed in May 2022. interactive investor states one of its core principles is that “investing should be simple and open to all” and it strives to facilitate this through “transparent, fair fees” and “simple language”."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"0cca81476535","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"1d3deae1d37e","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"63c10e3e4b3a","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"aaec50edc9b9","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""},{"_key":"b4fd3bfc20cc","_type":"mainAnchor","pageAnchor":{"_ref":"cf6f26cf-1a25-40c6-b9bc-7eea852a160b","_type":"reference"}},{"_key":"aa9d1a1907b6","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Who is interactive investor good for?"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"h2"},{"_key":"ae0a82d117d9","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"95638222eb520","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"The support and research will be most helpful to experienced investors and share traders - it still feels a bit overwhelming for the less confident. 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Offer runs from 1 May to 31 May 2026. *Terms & trading fees apply. Available to new customers opening a SIPP only. Not available to existing customers. £20,000 minimum deposit required. Funding can be via transfers, contributions, or both. Cashback will be paid within 30 days of qualification. 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The yield on corporate bonds can depend on how creditworthy the issuer is deemed to be."}],"level":1,"listItem":"bullet","markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"1ae2c651010c","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"b2cf653912e6","_type":"span","marks":["strong"],"text":"Junk bonds"},{"_key":"de963fb49c1a","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":" – bonds considered to be associated with a high level of risk."}],"level":1,"listItem":"bullet","markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"13980bdcc8e2","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"eccb54653b7f","_type":"span","marks":["strong"],"text":"Municipal bonds"},{"_key":"fc0a803854f4","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":" – bonds issued by local governments, municipalities or states."}],"level":1,"listItem":"bullet","markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"99265f630422","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"d35e39620486","_type":"span","marks":["strong"],"text":"Sovereign bonds"},{"_key":"5a9922c471ff","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":" – bonds issued by national governments. These can include gilts and treasuries."}],"level":1,"listItem":"bullet","markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"470565ca8ddf","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"438715b5ca47","_type":"span","marks":["strong"],"text":"Gilts"},{"_key":"8964468bdd47","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":" – bonds issued by the UK government."}],"level":1,"listItem":"bullet","markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"80fda3477c0c","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"49fed3a1aeeb","_type":"span","marks":["strong"],"text":"Treasuries"},{"_key":"ffbf2c8c0489","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":" – bonds issued by the US government."}],"level":1,"listItem":"bullet","markDefs":[],"style":"normal"}]},{"_key":"266e915029c0","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"e3fcc300e9ad","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"a2537989de30","_type":"textboxWidget","image":{"_type":"mainImage","alt":"Key bond terms to know:"},"text":[{"_key":"fdbdc1410e5c","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"6f839624c465","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Key bond terms to know:"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"h4"},{"_key":"a2bb7aa8a4f4","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"850c1ad2d9a0","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Coupon – the fixed interest rate that the bond issuer pays the lender. This is pre-agreed and does not change."}],"level":1,"listItem":"bullet","markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"6326a477fc02","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"d385ee6adb2e","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Creditworthiness – how reliable the bond issuer is deemed to be, based on many factors such as financial security, size, and geographic location."}],"level":1,"listItem":"bullet","markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"8e2c27f9133e","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"de8b059c68c1","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Denomination – the total face value of the bond at the point of maturity (when it’s repaid)."}],"level":1,"listItem":"bullet","markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"04ce92ab0c77","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"f95ddc6b78c8","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Maturity – the pre-agreed date at which the bond is repaid in full. This can range from less than 1 year (short-term) to over 30 years (long-term). Longer maturities typically have higher interest rates."}],"level":1,"listItem":"bullet","markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"c0e878ef56e9","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"0bb0b9c0c932","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Yield – the actual return an investor earns from a bond. This is not fixed and can fluctuate depending on a number of factors that impact the bond's price, including the issuer's perceived creditworthiness."}],"level":1,"listItem":"bullet","markDefs":[],"style":"normal"}]},{"_key":"db8106f28c5c","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"8a6812021cd6","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"2b1db4c3031a","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"4127dc303820","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""},{"_key":"f856fa8d6746","_type":"mainAnchor","pageAnchor":{"_id":"95fb0892-0bc4-4895-9015-698cfbafa2f9","_type":"anchorCategory","_rev":"WSQPA2hj6yjKpNEqwaAQf2","_createdAt":"2024-03-05T13:07:49Z","_updatedAt":"2024-03-05T13:07:49Z","AnchorName":"arebondsrightforme","id":"-8db09fa3-0cad-5ff5-af4d-fe4113ba734b","children":[],"parent":null}},{"_key":"b58f70fa29190","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Are bonds right for me?"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"h2"},{"_key":"755ca04acb42","_type":"prosConsWidget","cons":["You’re seeking higher returns","Your priority is maximum capital growth rather than income"],"consTitle":"Bad if you","pros":["You have a lower risk tolerance ","You’re comfortable with lower potential returns in exchange","You want more predictable investments","You’re a higher rate taxpayer wanting tax efficient ‘cash-like’ assets "],"prosTitle":"Good if you"},{"_key":"40564fbd3726","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"0563627909a1","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"6dc4662a2a41","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"a4ab65705dbd","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""},{"_key":"41e835c08ab8","_type":"mainAnchor","pageAnchor":{"_id":"e9689fd9-e232-45a8-b6cb-14ab8cb11a89","_type":"anchorCategory","_rev":"6omhR3S1TuFgHttivLDvIk","_createdAt":"2024-03-05T13:08:04Z","_updatedAt":"2024-03-05T13:08:04Z","AnchorName":"whatfactorsaffectbondperformance","id":"-ba985bfd-9619-57ab-8bfe-e018e137ffa3","children":[],"parent":null}},{"_key":"c8ff999015ce0","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"What factors affect bond performance?"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"h2"},{"_key":"76f6c3331d51","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"db0a0bcab5ef0","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Historically, bonds have generally offered lower returns than shares but tend to come with less volatility. However, there are various external factors you should be aware of that can influence a bond’s performance, such as:"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"8f31197b0009","_type":"textboxWidget","text":[{"_key":"e02e737fe442","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"c9a09cb5141a","_type":"span","marks":["strong"],"text":"Interest rates: "},{"_key":"77dfe0cb24b8","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Generally, bonds become less attractive when base interest rates (e.g. the Bank of England’s base rate) rise - and vice versa. This is because people can get similar returns without a longer-term commitment, like with an easy-access savings account."}],"level":1,"listItem":"bullet","markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"4f209b5bc39d","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"0c2c8d755598","_type":"span","marks":["strong"],"text":"Creditworthiness of the issuer: "},{"_key":"10768c5377c2","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"As we mentioned earlier, government bonds or “gilts” are generally considered safer than corporate bonds. However, this safety usually comes in the form of a lower interest rate payment. "}],"level":1,"listItem":"bullet","markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"dac19d76fcbe","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"64496e4f1970","_type":"span","marks":["strong"],"text":"Market conditions: "},{"_key":"0a660958404c","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Market conditions, sentiment and economic factors can also impact bond prices in the same way they impact share prices."}],"level":1,"listItem":"bullet","markDefs":[],"style":"normal"}]},{"_key":"7e5d90e1d232","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"915b3da40ca4","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""},{"_key":"504d82eb803a","_type":"mainAnchor","pageAnchor":{"_id":"433053e5-5bc2-4d66-aefe-1786ed0cb86f","_type":"anchorCategory","_rev":"WSQPA2hj6yjKpNEqwaAR7G","_createdAt":"2024-03-05T13:08:16Z","_updatedAt":"2024-03-05T13:08:16Z","AnchorName":"bondsvscash","id":"-7608e097-9cfe-5959-993a-4108dff58b0e","children":[],"parent":null}},{"_key":"5ce4755ecaff0","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"How do I know how bonds will perform vs cash?"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"h2"},{"_key":"9a35e2149d58","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"c3859c53f02f","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Unfortunately, predicting the future performance of any investment with certainty is virtually impossible."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"813dac338e48","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"6fd7f04be692","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Bonds have historically been considered lower-risk investments, but this is not a 100% bulletproof rule. For example, in September 2022 - following ex-Chancellor Kwasi Kwarteng’s infamous “mini Budget” - there were serious concerns about the amount of spending the then-government had proposed and therefore how it would be able to keep up with national debt (including gilts)."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"a0b2b81f847e","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"8e6db4cd31e8","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"These questions around the perceived creditworthiness of the UK government impacted the bond market, pushing yields up as these loans were seen to be riskier than they had been beforehand. As yields went up, the price of UK gilts fell - and this caused the bond market to contract, as lending to the UK government became less attractive to investors (institutional and private)."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"6c32eb4113db","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"16474136e415","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"People who were invested in bonds during this period saw the value of their investments fall. For those with a well-diversified portfolio (invested in lots of different things in different proportions), the impact of this was likely to be muted. However, individuals with a high proportion allocated to bonds – such as pension funds, which typically favour bonds for their low-risk reputation – saw a bigger dip."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"30fde4a880db","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"9d7c567cf94e","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Since then, the bond market has recovered and it is generally agreed that this was an unusual set of circumstances. Bonds are usually low risk investments and can play an important role in ensuring your investment portfolio is diversified – and not all in shares, for example."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"4752447969bc","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"00e43f27a5e5","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"So you can see that by understanding the factors that can influence bond performance, you can get a better sense of how they work and how best to incorporate them into your investment portfolio."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"aff983865960","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"bc760933457c","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""},{"_key":"c050e8063d49","_type":"mainAnchor","pageAnchor":{"_id":"8b590d7c-c5cf-48be-aa8b-f64f836f3617","_type":"anchorCategory","_rev":"WSQPA2hj6yjKpNEqwaARhx","_createdAt":"2024-03-05T13:08:29Z","_updatedAt":"2024-03-05T13:08:29Z","AnchorName":"howcaniinvestinbonds","id":"-2fc22af5-d36f-54de-b154-db428be4fbef","children":[],"parent":null}},{"_key":"6f62f9ada198","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"How can I invest in bonds?"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"h2"},{"_key":"786650885125","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"85a5285ccd42","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"If you have a pension or you're an investor already, you likely already invest in bonds - they're extremely common components of pensions and are often included in various types of funds, such as multi-asset "},{"_key":"f28f28f23e96","_type":"span","marks":["b9f70e6a6e3a"],"text":"funds"},{"_key":"c962749127b0","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":", "},{"_key":"1b2ef61ef27a","_type":"span","marks":["ee0a635edab8"],"text":"ETFs"},{"_key":"ddcbd9780996","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":" and "},{"_key":"e2618dc15e95","_type":"span","marks":["ff7c8e2c54d1"],"text":"ready-made portfolios"},{"_key":"bfe93ba338ec","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"."}],"markDefs":[{"_key":"b9f70e6a6e3a","_type":"internalLinkPick","reference":{"_id":"0bc8b13d-830e-4469-8ffe-6af27456b538","_type":"information","_rev":"vIm9lhvf1eHBOprgleGFQF","_createdAt":"2021-06-22T10:49:30Z","_updatedAt":"2025-09-01T10:07:48Z","_system":{"base":{"id":"0bc8b13d-830e-4469-8ffe-6af27456b538","rev":"0iD6p61whJS2ZGE5T7VEFt"}},"authors":[{"_key":"9b488bad30a4","_type":"personReference","people":{"_ref":"925e17b9-7c7f-43b6-9905-84ebe6bf3907","_type":"reference"}}],"authorsText":[{"_key":"728ad57473cb","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"150f7b31de0a","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"By "},{"_key":"e55603603258","_type":"span","marks":["strong"],"text":"Boring Money"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"}],"body":[{"_key":"e8df298b8c6b","_type":"anchorMenuMobile","title":"menu"},{"_key":"9473358fe106","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"17cf1610cca6","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""},{"_key":"91398572c6f0","_type":"mainAnchor","pageAnchor":{"_ref":"c092d7ca-1d59-4a6f-ae22-c1659dda889d","_type":"reference"}},{"_key":"6f92bc92429a","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"What is a fund?"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"h2"},{"_key":"4f9ee0028862","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"f102b7d00c72","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"In a nutshell"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"h3"},{"_key":"e79c63c327eb","_type":"textboxWidget","text":[{"_key":"2121178f0ee6","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"7d6a9f190010","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"There are typically about 30-60 \"underlying investments\" in one fund"}],"level":1,"listItem":"bullet","markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"d2a481641270","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"22684174f3fa","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"On average a single fund will cost about 0.75% in fees a year"}],"level":1,"listItem":"bullet","markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"f3e088b52195","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"d6ad20196bad","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Often a safer bet to invest than simply buying a few shares"}],"level":1,"listItem":"bullet","markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"216dcb5302ec","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"9dd73649798a","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"You can buy funds and put them in an ISA to keep your profits tax-free"}],"level":1,"listItem":"bullet","markDefs":[],"style":"normal"}]},{"_key":"97a80376b0f3","_type":"anchorMenuMobile","title":"s"},{"_key":"1653fdfc2af4","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"2e2b2ab98724","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"1b8d971c911d","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"4507568d3a70","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Funds are ready-made baskets of investments managed for you by an expert. In other words, they're a great way to avoid making a clanger by choosing one duff share! Great for diversifying, investing overseas and for outsourcing the decision-making to a professional. "}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"046672293a3e","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"e15da747ad50","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Listen to our Founder & CEO Holly Mackay explain more about why funds are awesome in the helpful clip below."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"41b247f7f7f1","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"1425f286ae8d","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"ee4659f373e2","_type":"mainVideo","url":"https://vimeo.com/829075140"},{"_key":"612f1e2f4f5c","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"8b8077238e30","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"8fde23f3fe04","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"509c2688d6bd","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"3d8fbfc7b050","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"32a1c0b03ecc","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"A single fund will typically have about 30-60 different \"underlying investments\" in it. This spreads the risk around and hedges your bets, so rather than having to go and buy 30-60 individual shares all by yourself, you can just buy one fund and be done with it!"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"e8ce2e0fe91f","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"942f0caaddf8","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"f9d2b7cefb40","_type":"textboxWidget","image":{"_type":"mainImage","alt":"Most investors have between about 8 and 16 different Funds to get a good mix and spread their bets around!"},"text":[{"_key":"4e12795ee2ca","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"40e2815c5d05","_type":"span","marks":["strong"],"text":"Top tip: Most investors have between about 8 and 16 different funds to get a good mix and spread their bets around!"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"}]},{"_key":"faec06074b53","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"3f1ea2ce7311","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"29e8456aa90b","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"12710694212a","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"16c468186b94","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"8aa0e26dff77","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"You can think of investing in funds like buying a mixed case of wine - you don't have to be a connoisseur and someone else picks the contents they think are good. Funds come in lots of different flavours - such as multi-asset funds or exchange-traded funds. More on these later."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"90feae1f7eb6","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"1915aec3fabb","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""},{"__inline":true,"_key":"5ccd7b870fec","_type":"mainAnchor","children":[{"_key":"ut1xgBnP3A4eT38f4GGbAL","text":""}],"pageAnchor":{"_ref":"0eef55a2-c34f-4fb5-9ef2-ad1108e3a467","_type":"reference"},"value":{"pageAnchor":{"_ref":"0eef55a2-c34f-4fb5-9ef2-ad1108e3a467","_type":"reference"}}},{"_key":"3fc8bd064d62","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Are funds right for me?"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"h2"},{"_key":"f4e25a5df60e","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"fa0bcaef29cd","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"On average, investors hold 49% of their investments in funds, making them one of the most popular investment vehicles out there. But are funds really the right option for you? "}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"fed979756bbe","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"64b6ad599651","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"If you prefer the freedom and flexibility of choosing which companies to invest in, shares may be a better choice. However, funds can also be highly diversified, which means your investments might be spread across different regions, sectors and assets. This reduces the risk of any one event, such as a political crisis in a single region, having a significant impact on your investments."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"e1ad6cc3a02a","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"a8b55972e4dd","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"So really it comes down to your personal preference. Here's a round-up of some of the main pros and cons to help you decide if investing in funds is the right choice for you."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"434d193075a7","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"0e7fe5da01de","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"4bc700b962a5","_type":"prosConsWidget","cons":["Don't want to pay a fee","Want to pick your own shares","Want to trade regularly"],"consTitle":"Bad if you ","pros":["Want a broad mix of different shares","Want to invest abroad too","Aren't a whizz trader "],"prosTitle":"Good if you"},{"_key":"48067afe70fe","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"0361b14633a1","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"cec017f1a38c","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"172137ada71e","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""},{"_key":"de53e982c4a9","_type":"mainAnchor","pageAnchor":{"_ref":"60941be5-1a4f-426e-b588-7699bee46271","_type":"reference"}},{"_key":"87cf346319c6","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Why invest in a fund?"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"h2"},{"_key":"93dc72ad81a4","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"3338ff4b26c50","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"A fund is simply the compilation album of the investing world! It’s a nice way to get someone at the sharp end of finance to pick and manage your investments from the bewildering array of bonds and shares on the market. Let’s give a really simple example. "}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"a9403754dc28","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"01c95b2b86ac","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"If we ran the Boring Money UK Shares Fund (which we don’t), we might look at all the UK shares out there and say that HSBC, Shell, ITV and GlaxoSmithKline make the grade. And add them to our investment mix. But chuck out Barclays and Burberry and Sainsburys (all random examples by the way, not tips!). "}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"7669a7ac791c","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"d7e81010a760","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"We’d end up with, say, 50 shares in our compilation album, which we bought for £1 each in our pretend world. So our fund would be worth £50. And we might sell 50 units to people for £1 each. "}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"786bce77dbb8","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"da65bc2f373e","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"The benefit is that for a small investment of just £1, our investors would have a teeny fraction of an investment in 50 different British companies. And we would run and manage this pool of investments for you - so no need to get the calculator out and crunch any numbers!"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"985ff58d82e6","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"2ad32b5454aa","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"There are thousands of funds out there, all with different flavours, and they're among the best ways to get expert help on picking the right investments."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"362c2e7dfc09","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"d766349dbf40","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""},{"_key":"364cd3c1e445","_type":"mainAnchor","pageAnchor":{"_ref":"a5632083-6993-47e2-9bc1-07d0a86ad84c","_type":"reference"}},{"_key":"0a68034d99f40","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"The three main fund structures "}],"markDefs":[],"style":"h2"},{"_key":"4b7b2b21499a","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"5d8b72478bbb","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""},{"_key":"e02338579d1e","_type":"mainAnchor","pageAnchor":{"_ref":"bcd041ed-8ed5-4fc7-8abd-21ee28def30c","_type":"reference"}},{"_key":"6c2a9ecc53f30","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"1. Mutual fund – also known as an open-ended fund, OEIC or UCITS fund"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"h3"},{"_key":"3460d916f7b2","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"0325a805ebd40","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"A mutual fund combines money from multiple investors, which a professional manager invests according to the fund’s goals, such as growth or income, often focusing on specific sectors like European stocks or technology. Being “open-ended,” the fund can adjust its shares based on investor activity, with its value matching the combined value of its holdings. Investors can monitor performance daily through services like Morningstar, comparing it to similar funds or benchmarks like the FTSE All Share for UK funds."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"9f8832eee9c7","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"b0249a4aa624","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""},{"_key":"777c7f3bd35c","_type":"mainAnchor","pageAnchor":{"_ref":"b8467767-7e11-4c31-bea1-aa9f5262781c","_type":"reference"}},{"_key":"6722e89ace4a","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"2. ETF – or exchange-traded fund"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"h3"},{"_key":"ac1f21c74e0a","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"189a0849a0f50","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"ETFs, or Exchange-Traded Funds, are investment funds that provide low-cost, diversified access to various markets, similar to mutual funds. Unlike mutual funds, ETFs trade on stock exchanges, with their prices fluctuating throughout the day based on supply and demand. ETFs often aim to track specific assets, like major stock indices (e.g., S&P 500), commodities, or even currencies. They can be structured using \"physical\" methods (owning a bit of each asset in the index) or \"synthetic\" methods (using derivatives to mimic asset performance). ETFs can also offer leveraged or inverse options to enhance potential gains or bet against an asset's price. They are generally affordable, easy to trade, and flexible for various investment strategies."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"LeftSideText":[{"_key":"6add2d498f76","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"14d23d4bf09a","_type":"span","marks":["strong"],"text":"Discover more about ETFs and how they work"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"}],"_key":"090c0fe4bbd4","_type":"ctaWidget","reference":{"_ref":"5c11d074-1344-4a80-b7eb-b2cb4ce791c7","_type":"reference"},"text":"ETF HUB"},{"_key":"3734671b2a32","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"ebc0f19e9b3d0","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"3. Investment Trusts"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"h3"},{"_key":"47687a68ef20","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"22745b29c849","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Investment trusts are publicly listed companies that pool investors' money to buy shares, bonds, or other assets like property. Managed by a board that oversees the fund manager, they operate as \"closed-ended\" funds, meaning they don’t need to buy or sell assets as investors come and go. This structure suits less liquid investments, and they can also save income from strong years to pay out in weaker ones, offering a steadier return. Investors can buy shares at market prices, sometimes below the actual asset value, and have many options for building a diverse portfolio. 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The two most common assets are bonds and shares, but what actually are they?"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"112a4d6cbc9f","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"c6616cbb00f7","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"What is a bond?"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"h3"},{"_key":"55297b26fffd","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"f9ec30e1d7d7","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Owning a bond is kind of getting an IOU from a government or a company – you buy their bond and you’re lending them money. The dicier the prospect of getting your cash back, the more ‘interest’ they will pay you to compensate for the risk. So an Ecuadorian mining company bond would pay a gazillion times more than the relatively staid UK government, for example. It’s a riskier loan so they’ll compensate you more for taking this extra risk. "}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"ad246f1d9a03","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"d33daf52853b","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Bonds are influenced by interest rates, so they’re behaving a bit weirdly at the moment. If you lend the UK government money for 10 years, they’ll pay you about 4% (at the time of writing). And inflation is hovering around the 10% mark. So you’ll see why bonds are paying attractive rates at the moment - the UK economy is currently grappling with the risk of high inflation!"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"66a2cb7a79bb","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"f67dc90952da","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"What is a share?"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"h3"},{"_key":"42ec8b2bfea7","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"d7677c521ef0","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Shares are also known as ‘equities’ or ‘stocks’. If you own shares, you buy little pieces of the world’s biggest companies. And tie your fortunes to theirs. It's these shares that make up the majority of most funds. "}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"87391d64e98f","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"50f803a42246","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"As a rule of thumb, most ‘equity’ focused funds will have about 40-60 shares in them, although some fund managers have fewer, sticking to their convictions more about which shares are duds and which ones are winners. "}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"230865d11ff5","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"81251b61e60c","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Shares are also one of the few investments where you can get a decent income. Companies often pay out a share of their profits as dividends. The key is to look for an ‘equity income’ fund. Pick the right one and you could get an income of around 3-4% a year!"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"06e377758cad","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"d4019195a987","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"The balance between bonds and shares"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"h3"},{"_key":"46cf69523ea8","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"d519404d9cb6","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Many suggest diversifying, which means a sort-of Combo Meal of bonds "},{"_key":"a61d5d5863e0","_type":"span","marks":["em"],"text":"and "},{"_key":"2e722c7e508b","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"shares. Over the long-term, bonds are usually seen as safer and less choppy than shares, but many believe they will make you less over the long-run too. On the other hand, the stock market can potentially make you profit over the longer-term, but can come with significant short-term risk."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"c973c0042a75","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"c0025ecc2c48","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"c1f67febb327","_type":"prosConsWidget","pros":["You're nearing retirement age","You're not keen on stock market risk"],"prosTitle":"BONDS are better for you if"},{"_key":"e27629a359a2","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"e48f0db1ddad","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"a30ea1e3729e","_type":"prosConsWidget","pros":["You can tolerate the concept of stock market risk","You've got lots of time before you need to access your cash"],"prosTitle":"SHARES are better for you if"},{"_key":"03b6c39b6bf2","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"1ee6f1df4158","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"ed118f277297","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"e3ed41cc210b","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"1c4556aebdc3","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"59b8e9cbba60","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"As a general rule of thumb, if you’re a spring chicken and investing for ages in the future, you should probably look at "},{"_key":"0f04bd6e7f43","_type":"span","marks":["em"],"text":"mostly "},{"_key":"0a524dc1e267","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"shares. If you’re getting on and likely to need your money soon, people typically prefer bonds because they’re less likely to crash as dramatically as shares, leaving you high and dry if you need to cash in your investments. "}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"c44bbef6d561","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"e1b0274abca3","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"f871776e39d7","_type":"textboxWidget","image":{"_type":"mainImage","alt":"Top tip: You don't need to pick exclusively bonds or exclusively shares. In fact, a good mix of the two is often the best way to go about it - just make sure to adjust your weighting according to your preferences. Not putting all your eggs in the basket is the mantra here. "},"text":[{"_key":"dc826f13da73","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"92f0eb6df824","_type":"span","marks":["strong"],"text":"Top tip: You don't need to pick exclusively bonds or exclusively shares. In fact, a good mix of the two is often the best way to go about it - just make sure to adjust your weighting according to your preferences. Not putting all your eggs in the basket is the mantra here. "}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"}]},{"_key":"f7d5fb36fe0f","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"db6952c70b24","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"19431081595a","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"6e263f6e0c3f","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""},{"_key":"394165043e4a","_type":"mainAnchor","pageAnchor":{"_ref":"f0e25e55-88ef-4bd3-96fb-2ea766606d57","_type":"reference"}},{"_key":"d81d41f1e8ee1","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Active vs passive"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"h2"},{"_key":"97fd1b6cacb5","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"b1149c8e019a","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Another couple of phrases you'll often see when investing in funds is 'active' and 'passive', but as the world of finance is renowned for being full of jargon, no one ever seems to explain what these are! Here's what they actually mean and why they matter when deciding on the right fund for you."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"4f4328ace20e","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"267b07472f39","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"What is an active fund?"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"h3"},{"_key":"965f3e1b9c85","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"7e7c85ce1d910","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Most funds in the market are what we call ‘active’. An active fund manager, by definition, thinks he or she is smarter than the average investor. A clever clogs. They think they can spot a bargain. Spot the dog before others. Identify the region that is about to go belly-up. So they pick and choose. If you buy an active fund which invests in shares, you'll usually pay a fee to the fund manager of about 75p-95p for every £100 you entrust to them. "}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"dd074314f1cf","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"e2405d675768","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"What is a passive fund?"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"h3"},{"_key":"b9d2cd328e0c","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"9da255300335","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Passive funds, on the other hand, are devoid of ego and opinion. They're the well-behaved end of the fund market. No one makes a call on whether Share A is better than Share B. They simply follow what we call an index - or a list of shares or bonds in any given market. They buy them in proportion to their size and no judgement calls are made. If you buy a passive fund which invests in shares, you'll usually pay a fee to the fund manager of about 8-12p for every £100 you entrust to them. It’s a lot cheaper because it’s run by a computer, rather than an expensive human. "}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"365e8264db90","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"faa5a312feb3","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"How to decide between active vs passive funds"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"h3"},{"_key":"b8221aa671cb","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"4799dbdc92b40","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"There are pros and cons to each approach. Passive funds will tend to be cheaper and have performed well over much of the past decade as a result of strong performance from the technology giants (which form a large share of most capitalisation-weighted indices). However, they can have certain biases – the MSCI World has a 70%+ weighting to the US[2],  for example. Equally, bond indices can have higher weights in companies that have issued the most bonds – i.e. the most indebted. This can increase risk."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"611ac6f8c648","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"d022771f72c90","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"With active funds, there tends to be extremes. Some fund managers will be very successful and deliver better returns than the wider market, while others will find their analysis doesn’t pay off. Investors need to be willing to take a risk on the manager’s skill."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"c39c65e3ba8a","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"3c62d7c5ecdd","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"The jury is out on which is best, but passive funds will inherently return the average of any market. Some active funds will go further and smash it – but others will underperform and charge you for the privilege! So it depends on your risk appetite, among other things. Happy to sit back and copy what the markets do? Passive is for you. Want to leave it to the experts to crunch the numbers and try to outperform? Then try active.\n"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"ad85bfad7fcf","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"3d022ec4e243","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"769a3bdcb210","_type":"emailSignupWidget","brazeSubscriptionGroupId":"80bb057b-016f-4c60-8fed-bc2199e56dc7","brazeSubscriptionRef":{"_ref":"75cfa314-bcb6-4835-9c3d-28febc21b8d6","_type":"reference"},"image":{"_type":"mainImage","alt":"Sign up here!"},"paragraphText":"Get the best-performing funds, market commentary and jargon free insight delivered straight to your inbox every month. 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They’re essentially ready-made bundles of investments that you can buy and sell on the stock market, just like individual "},{"_key":"5bc7ac0a04d6","_type":"span","marks":["d5816dc1df3f"],"text":"shares"},{"_key":"aeb50cd97422","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"."}],"markDefs":[{"_key":"d5816dc1df3f","_type":"glossaryPick","reference":{"_ref":"8d6a1c1c-dff0-4e47-bfdd-3750fc95e921","_type":"reference"}}],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"6ab85cbebab0","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"07e8395398ec","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Instead of trying to pick a bunch of winning companies yourself, an ETF gives you instant access to a whole market or theme in one go. Think of it like a playlist of the Top 40 – no favourites, just a mix of the biggest names in a particular index or sector."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"1ceb43a32660","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"96f8ca156efc","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Many popular ETFs "},{"_key":"0850ca2b4022","_type":"span","marks":["fafd2e21dbe2"],"text":"passively"},{"_key":"ce3c7c5dbf5c","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":" track well-known stock market indices, like the "},{"_key":"02b55600cbf4","_type":"span","marks":["20ba425f3599"],"text":"S&P 500"},{"_key":"f50e19f21248","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":", to give you broad exposure for a low cost. 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This helps spread your risk, so you’re not overly reliant on the success of one company or region."}],"markDefs":[{"_key":"fa061852d70f","_type":"glossaryPick","reference":{"_ref":"4e600be7-9819-47d4-9ee6-de4019f8a10e","_type":"reference"}},{"_key":"8e75e3f2711c","_type":"glossaryPick","reference":{"_ref":"bbd21391-fb19-4ae7-9dd4-03e45b9ff515","_type":"reference"}},{"_key":"b316985c0945","_type":"glossaryPick","reference":{"_ref":"ffc3cd50-c9a6-4e8a-ae48-94a9f8ee2717","_type":"reference"}},{"_key":"b622e5c67b29","_type":"glossaryPick","reference":{"_ref":"ea467285-7d48-4093-b16e-76d3f8a95fc1","_type":"reference"}}],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"dd219d2cecbe","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"0f730175fc32","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""},{"_key":"a8f8ba6c722b","_type":"mainAnchor","pageAnchor":{"_ref":"b0ab7f9a-0fa8-4687-9b83-3ef5a0587973","_type":"reference"}},{"_key":"3c407d2db4e7","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"✅ Low fees"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"h3"},{"_key":"a46b82ca88ed","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"5d46b372571a","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Another key advantage is cost. Most ETFs are "},{"_key":"0b9b2b9e9dff","_type":"span","marks":["b8b50be98d3d"],"text":"passive"},{"_key":"8e8bd2189660","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":" investments, meaning they track a market index like the FTSE 100 or the S&P 500. Because there’s no "},{"_key":"3fb2be3b173c","_type":"span","marks":["2c913a83b466"],"text":"fund manager"},{"_key":"71d59e13e338","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":" picking stocks, fees are typically lower than actively managed funds. Lower costs mean more of your money stays invested and has the chance to grow over time. "},{"_key":"6c2c67071a58","_type":"span","marks":["856a5e29c1e0"],"text":"Actively managed "},{"_key":"cd0fe0297710","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"ETFs do exist, but the majority available to UK investors are passive."}],"markDefs":[{"_key":"b8b50be98d3d","_type":"glossaryPick","reference":{"_ref":"c1ebf065-a9a0-4501-b78b-4f8f534e09a7","_type":"reference"}},{"_key":"856a5e29c1e0","_type":"glossaryPick","reference":{"_ref":"7842521c-6418-420e-9da3-e0906c64276b","_type":"reference"}},{"_key":"2c913a83b466","_type":"glossaryPick","reference":{"_ref":"52cb8779-f204-4e14-b5e9-c3bb3cf56993","_type":"reference"}}],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"3249e59424ed","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"2c68ddd62deb","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""},{"_key":"7f227bfb5410","_type":"mainAnchor","pageAnchor":{"_ref":"a4b43d5c-a5a5-4255-ae01-b959a3dd0ab9","_type":"reference"}},{"_key":"3062eaa63ad1","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"✅ Easy to understand"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"h3"},{"_key":"37f50b1fc7f3","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"d1204dacf593","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"ETFs are also easy to buy and sell, since they’re traded on stock exchanges just like individual shares. You can invest through most major platforms or "},{"_key":"3a71dea0a54d","_type":"span","marks":["69cea6ea0437"],"text":"ISAs"},{"_key":"dc7b102e6944","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":" with a few clicks. Their transparency, simplicity, and low barrier to entry make them an ideal choice for beginner investors, those building a long-term portfolio, or anyone looking for a low-maintenance way to invest."}],"markDefs":[{"_key":"69cea6ea0437","_type":"internalLinkPick","reference":{"_ref":"bcf031df-fe7e-458f-b39a-ec44d0e8932a","_type":"reference"}}],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"fba220811ee1","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"251b3ab91b42","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""},{"_key":"637f55890428","_type":"mainAnchor","pageAnchor":{"_ref":"ff165e53-bd82-4801-b660-c14c1f2d9808","_type":"reference"}},{"_key":"394c78b910a7","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"The cons of investing in ETFs"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"h2"},{"_key":"6fd746bca917","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"c87d84ab8ed8","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""},{"_key":"2a9231654e6b","_type":"mainAnchor","pageAnchor":{"_ref":"b0bf4eec-56c9-4216-a97b-9be7a3a35527","_type":"reference"}},{"_key":"37a31be65391","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"❌ You can’t pick and choose"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"h3"},{"_key":"10435ab41deb","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"db1c754fe0e3","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"While ETFs are a great tool for many investors, they’re not without their downsides. One issue is lack of flexibility. Because ETFs typically track an index, you have no control over the individual companies included. If a sector you don’t support (like fossil fuels or tobacco) is heavily represented in a broad market ETF, there’s not much you can do about it. This can be a drawback for "},{"_key":"6c28ef491aaf","_type":"span","marks":["5aab59721fc3"],"text":"ethical"},{"_key":"370dd1259229","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":" investors who want to align their portfolio with their values."}],"markDefs":[{"_key":"5aab59721fc3","_type":"glossaryPick","reference":{"_ref":"5cb1800e-1555-43a2-83d8-bd1d19a586fe","_type":"reference"}}],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"7a60017a89b5","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"6b38641ab2cc","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""},{"_key":"bb505b264510","_type":"mainAnchor","pageAnchor":{"_ref":"cd10a6ae-7510-4135-8400-f12ba04fda3d","_type":"reference"}},{"_key":"7dd65ce281b4","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"❌ Beware of owning too many"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"h3"},{"_key":"1728bd5cc2c2","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"b1bfa84f2454","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Another thing to watch out for is over-diversification or “diworsification.” Some investors load up on lots of ETFs without realising there’s significant overlap between the "},{"_key":"e2c6c9e2e9bf","_type":"span","marks":["46e65d891c29"],"text":"underlying"},{"_key":"4b9bd5e1f275","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":" assets. For example, if you own a global ETF and a US-focused ETF, you might be doubling up on the same stocks. It’s important to understand what’s actually inside your ETFs to avoid unintended risk or redundancy."}],"markDefs":[{"_key":"46e65d891c29","_type":"glossaryPick","reference":{"_ref":"cb2d54a5-51bd-4510-96c6-badad138eff7","_type":"reference"}}],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"e3bd9ee6ecec","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"14bac8b5c670","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""},{"_key":"648c01633d9c","_type":"mainAnchor","pageAnchor":{"_ref":"34c4bdaa-bb71-424f-972c-c0de69e9f1df","_type":"reference"}},{"_key":"f41184660529","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"❌ Still rise and fall with the market"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"h3"},{"_key":"e295c312435d","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"ef70c1df0055","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Finally, while many ETFs are passive by design, that doesn’t mean they’re completely safe or immune to market crashes. If the market an ETF tracks drops, so will your investment. You’re accepting market returns – for better or worse. ETFs are a great foundation, but they’re not a silver bullet for investment success."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"95b1fcdbdfe9","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"5f0da20db839","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""},{"_key":"764983d86d97","_type":"mainAnchor","pageAnchor":{"_ref":"b683c5e6-6236-4a17-bf7d-90ec37ffeb0d","_type":"reference"}},{"_key":"81e7b973b1d5","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Top questions on ETFs"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"h2"},{"_key":"a181b5533fdb","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"e98d4b06806c","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""},{"_key":"a6126a3aa223","_type":"mainAnchor","pageAnchor":{"_ref":"9f5319b0-7128-4672-9d72-529aa7f21814","_type":"reference"}},{"_key":"64cb416ca8380","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"How much do ETFs cost?"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"h3"},{"_key":"fc122a15382d","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"7884beb22fb0","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"ETFs trade on stock exchanges just like individual shares, which means you buy and sell them on online investment platforms. You will often be charged a commission on each buy or sell transaction."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"c502aabc7234","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"dadf564d0a4b","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"ETFs themselves usually have an annual "},{"_key":"1443cc198b51","_type":"span","marks":["89cfe4ee3312"],"text":"management fee"},{"_key":"0156aa55050c","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":", which is typically quite low - especially for large, well-known ETFs that track broad indices. However, more niche ETFs may charge slightly higher fees due to their specific focus. "}],"markDefs":[{"_key":"89cfe4ee3312","_type":"glossaryPick","reference":{"_ref":"639ead5f-b190-4b44-bc4f-805ab4d8fcf4","_type":"reference"}}],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"481a8c10a10d","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"8658e29d1d86","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Another cost to consider is the "},{"_key":"253b1edbd313","_type":"span","marks":["7f92891a603e"],"text":"bid-ask spread"},{"_key":"8f784cbe584c","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":", which is the difference between the price at which a platform is willing to buy and sell the ETF – this is similar to a "},{"_key":"1ea37f15d05e","_type":"span","marks":["76b31858e487"],"text":"currency exchange"},{"_key":"45faed2a72af","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"."}],"markDefs":[{"_key":"7f92891a603e","_type":"glossaryPick","reference":{"_ref":"acfdf9ca-55f2-4ccd-8aee-3201a6153b7b","_type":"reference"}},{"_key":"76b31858e487","_type":"glossaryPick","reference":{"_ref":"c45b581e-8764-40ef-8780-ef02845ed5fc","_type":"reference"}}],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"7104cc654d2a","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"a069bc4adb27","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"In terms of "},{"_key":"2d94f54238dd","_type":"span","marks":["7648f8a791df"],"text":"transaction fees"},{"_key":"182bc4de1ace","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":", they will range from being free up to  £11.95 per trade depending on the platform you are investing on. If you’re making regular contributions to your ETF, these costs can add up over time, so it’s essential to keep an eye on fees - especially if you’re investing small amounts frequently."}],"markDefs":[{"_key":"7648f8a791df","_type":"glossaryPick","reference":{"_ref":"af4eb285-d6ee-484f-89ac-d776bbfcb0c5","_type":"reference"}}],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"6975d7bc829f","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"2f25377ef185","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""},{"_key":"743052052ddb","_type":"mainAnchor","pageAnchor":{"_ref":"043c4d3a-e208-4710-92d6-2a77330c0be0","_type":"reference"}},{"_key":"6348fbed8524","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Active vs passive ETFs"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"h3"},{"_key":"71cf2ab6ddd4","_type":"mainImage","asset":{"_ref":"image-7ca3e9317480168a1de35cfa1a4a9b3f6249f78e-1920x1080-png","_type":"reference"},"blankAltTag":true},{"_key":"397cdc9d2c24","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"afae1c0135fa","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"9ef4fc8c4ec3","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"80803ed8ed2d","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"The active vs passive debate is central to investing in ETFs. "}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"fcc7ca1029b0","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"d36caa331723","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"A passive ETF tracks an index and aims to mirror its performance. This type of fund is cost-effective because there’s no need for an active fund manager to make investment decisions. While you won’t outperform the market, you’ll capture its returns at a low cost. Passive ETFs are great for investors who prefer a hands-off approach, and they provide broad exposure to various markets. However, you may end up owning companies or sectors that are underperforming."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"39b56cc28e27","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"45bf65d5b435","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"On the other hand, active ETFs involve fund managers selecting stocks with the goal of outperforming the index. These ETFs typically come with higher fees, as you're paying for the expertise of the manager. However, they could deliver higher returns if the manager makes smart picks. One thing to note: active managers often closely track the index to reduce risk, meaning their performance may not actually differ much from a passive strategy."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"3919761790f3","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"6802e895452b","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"If you're drawn to"},{"_key":"1222aa85e45a","_type":"span","marks":["df5690228e1c"],"text":" sustainable investing"},{"_key":"86b8927a6d8d","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":", active managers often have more flexibility to incorporate "},{"_key":"3487e95a3dc6","_type":"span","marks":["eae5e5481ca8"],"text":"environmental, social, and governance (ESG) "},{"_key":"8eba70cf1f85","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"criteria into their investment decisions. So active ETFs may be a better option for investors who want to tailor their portfolios to specific values."}],"markDefs":[{"_key":"df5690228e1c","_type":"internalLinkPick","reference":{"_ref":"2635d13e-e79d-414d-80f5-86b565565227","_type":"reference"}},{"_key":"eae5e5481ca8","_type":"glossaryPick","reference":{"_ref":"a7d1841d-cfd3-4151-93ce-43daaf05f1e6","_type":"reference"}}],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"5626169115c5","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"6d9656e55dae","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""},{"_key":"9434f621ede7","_type":"mainAnchor","pageAnchor":{"_ref":"9d6b3b86-20cb-42ed-be57-39b5c31ebac1","_type":"reference"}},{"_key":"87fd1f0ee3300","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"ETF market price vs NAV"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"h3"},{"_key":"df30e052414b","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"6671df8b4f7a","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"An important thing to understand when investing in ETFs is that their market price doesn’t always match their"},{"_key":"c70a6f382360","_type":"span","marks":["bc65bd6db096"],"text":" Net Asset Value (NAV)"},{"_key":"a651f663bd20","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":". "}],"markDefs":[{"_key":"bc65bd6db096","_type":"glossaryPick","reference":{"_ref":"fed61c02-3002-4768-9374-16377d6a555f","_type":"reference"}}],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"796eb49b3bd8","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"fcf3345e3510","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"ETFs trade on the stock exchange, so their prices are influenced by supply and demand – just like individual stocks. Ideally, the market price should reflect the NAV, but it doesn’t always happen. If there’s high demand for a particular ETF, its market price can trade at a premium (higher) to the NAV, and if there’s little interest, it can trade at a discount (lower)."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"01a9ae08d825","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"05bfc6a06892","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"This discrepancy is more common with niche or less "},{"_key":"dde4c707f5fd","_type":"span","marks":["6b0f00e2d964"],"text":"liquid"},{"_key":"74733ca41f02","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":" ETFs (such as real estate), as larger, more popular ETFs with high trading volumes tend to stay closer to their NAV. 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You might see, for example, ready-made portfolios called ‘Cautious’ (low risk), ‘Balanced’ (medium risk) or ‘Adventurous’ (high risk). You may also come across alternative names like ‘Defensive’, ‘Conservative’ or ‘Growth’. "}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"32de35e854b7","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"3fe73043d84a","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Different providers tend to have their own naming conventions, but broadly speaking they’re referring to the amount of investment risk associated with the portfolio."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"d4695d0912db","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"840ffca313df0","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"You can invest in ready-made portfolios through an investment account, including a "},{"_key":"a340727bdf99","_type":"span","marks":["7c11a1b8f3ee"],"text":"Stocks & Shares ISA"},{"_key":"768b39fd9db7","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":", a "},{"_key":"746f4dc8a820","_type":"span","marks":["273a55746902"],"text":"General Investment Account (GIA)"},{"_key":"e65f293cc4fb","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":" or with a "},{"_key":"9132339cb3f8","_type":"span","marks":["ec569ef2159a"],"text":"Self-Invested Personal Pension (SIPP)"},{"_key":"8f8c559666ca","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":". "}],"markDefs":[{"_key":"7c11a1b8f3ee","_type":"internalLinkPick","reference":{"_ref":"4506578b-e50c-4553-8a44-48ae9d21285e","_type":"reference"}},{"_key":"273a55746902","_type":"internalLinkPick","reference":{"_ref":"5a9228ba-a3c9-4551-a0fa-b89474ae2f42","_type":"reference"}},{"_key":"ec569ef2159a","_type":"internalLinkPick","reference":{"_ref":"2353d857-6858-4bcb-b4cb-2d0437afc25a","_type":"reference"}}],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"108dab8e98ad","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"01a82620d156","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""},{"_key":"5001fd32bfd9","_type":"mainAnchor","pageAnchor":{"_ref":"094d1a3e-f7bf-4543-a216-e6804a5653f3","_type":"reference"}},{"_key":"2c33a3ffbf610","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Are ready-made portfolios right for me?"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"h2"},{"_key":"0681f3e2bff9","_type":"prosConsWidget","cons":["Prefer to do your own research to make your perfect portfolio","Are looking for the lowest possible fees and/or charges"],"consTitle":"Bad if you","pros":["Are a beginner investor who wants an easy way to get started","Trust an expert to get better returns than if you did it yourself","Don’t mind paying a little bit extra for the convenience"],"prosTitle":"Good if you"},{"_key":"288f1bcc2990","_type":"quickSurveyChooser","surveyChoose":{"_ref":"c73dfa8f-7974-445e-aa78-adc83c3cfbda","_type":"reference"}},{"_key":"e04830d79fa9","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"3288011845cc","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""},{"_key":"090182776d6e","_type":"mainAnchor","pageAnchor":{"_ref":"a2748707-923a-4ba0-b66d-cbe3a285ea46","_type":"reference"}},{"_key":"affa5f3923f40","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"The pros of ready-made portfolios"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"h2"},{"_key":"c9bfcdc5df66","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"186b2974a8e7","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""},{"_key":"9c6f00727f32","_type":"mainAnchor","pageAnchor":{"_ref":"25791fd1-2a35-483d-b268-2859edd81afa","_type":"reference"}},{"_key":"2fe435f7e50f","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"✅ Straightforward and simple"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"h3"},{"_key":"415c83a8b6ca","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"a8f63129557b","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"You don’t have to do much to invest in a ready-made portfolio. All you have to do is arrange the initial investment and voilá, you’re an investor. This makes them a good choice for beginners who don’t want the fuss of setting up and running an account full of dozens of individual investments which need ongoing monitoring and rebalancing."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"6a969e94f629","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"5334eedd8c57","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""},{"_key":"f2fd9b9717c2","_type":"mainAnchor","pageAnchor":{"_ref":"181b9e36-bb26-4770-aa86-834fe4c3b071","_type":"reference"}},{"_key":"372ceb99d8ad","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"✅ Managed by an expert"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"h3"},{"_key":"3271dc505d50","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"797c7e847f86","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"If you don’t feel confident about picking a ‘good’ investment from a ‘bad’ one, the fund manager for a ready-made portfolio does all the research and number-crunching for you. It’s less pressure on you and means your portfolio is likely to do better than if you managed it yourself (because you’ve got an expert making all the decisions, after all)."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"d61f42f71094","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"e4871389a7bc","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""},{"_key":"cb686d172848","_type":"mainAnchor","pageAnchor":{"_ref":"ae53200e-4c18-4516-9c27-7232613428f4","_type":"reference"}},{"_key":"f6aae1827928","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"✅ Can pick your preferred risk level"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"h3"},{"_key":"9aefcdb6cc19","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"92075c6f724d","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Many ready-made portfolios are ranked by their risk level (broadly speaking, how much exposure they have to shares vs less volatile assets like bonds). Descriptors like 'Cautious' or 'Ambitious' are frequently used, or sometimes expressed using visuals such as chilli peppers - not unlike the spice rating on a takeaway menu! This makes it easy to determine if the product suits your desired level of risk and saves you from having to wade through a text-heavy "},{"_key":"46f6bafa12ea","_type":"span","marks":["86b5358353ce"],"text":"KIID"},{"_key":"ff66e7784d1c","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":" to make the call yourself."}],"markDefs":[{"_key":"86b5358353ce","_type":"glossaryPick","reference":{"_ref":"9b1f4399-11e7-43f4-b6ea-8718b9895f89","_type":"reference"}}],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"18af28ab6fc7","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"dfa3d56ab883","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"4e5c6a6dd44e","_type":"blockQuote","adviserName":"Holly Mackay","jobTitle":"Founder & CEO, Boring Money","photo":{"_type":"mainImage","alt":"Holly Mackay's opinion on ready-made portfolios","asset":{"_ref":"image-09007f04fb546b786000b2729947b6dfc2f690aa-606x438-jpg","_type":"reference"}},"quote":[{"_key":"a10fd11e337c","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"5f814072bb9f","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Investing can feel easier once you get into the swing; the difficult bit is knowing where to start. After all, there are tens of thousands of investment options out there, offered by a growing number of investment platforms. I think ready-made portfolios can be a good starting point. These are off-the-peg portfolios and offered by most investment platforms. They are ideal for people who don't want to spend their time handpicking funds and learning the ins and outs. They don't require you to make any decisions about what to invest in. The only questions you'll need to answer are about how much risk you are willing to take on."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"}]},{"_key":"d1c8ce807752","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"529ab8a31dcc","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""},{"_key":"db928b2e64b8","_type":"mainAnchor","pageAnchor":{"_ref":"ff165e53-bd82-4801-b660-c14c1f2d9808","_type":"reference"}},{"_key":"b19a367e56990","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"The cons of ready-made portfolios"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"h2"},{"_key":"9701fedd8172","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"e19f4c941d4b","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""},{"_key":"f652477a950f","_type":"mainAnchor","pageAnchor":{"_ref":"f7bfd443-0667-4ed8-a204-d14224f4feae","_type":"reference"}},{"_key":"badf8df9a789","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"❌ Not enough choice"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"h3"},{"_key":"d8a15008fa5d","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"d748871ab1a9","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"If you’re a more experienced investor or someone who would prefer to have control over the ins and outs of their investments, a ready-made portfolio isn’t going to give you enough choice. All the decisions about what the portfolio is invested in, the proportion each element makes up of the whole and whether or not any adjustments are necessary are made for you – so if you want to be in total control, it’s not for you."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"00941053b8cf","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"0be4f48a8010","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""},{"_key":"48144685f283","_type":"mainAnchor","pageAnchor":{"_ref":"51c9ec3b-283f-439f-8475-964151d80f2b","_type":"reference"}},{"_key":"8969169c47b3","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"❌ Can be expensive"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"h3"},{"_key":"d59831db12af","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"d28e8fadda4e","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Ready-made portfolios can come with a higher price tag if you buy them through a"},{"_key":"2046e2f7789b","_type":"span","marks":["371b58d7b032"],"text":" robo adviser"},{"_key":"ea084cb7ca23","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":". This is because robo advisers typically offer a rebalancing service where your portfolio is continually monitored and adjusted using complex algorithms and AI designed to match your chosen level of investment risk (more on robo advisers and risk later). You’re essentially paying a bit extra for the convenience of not having to do this number-crunching – or the admin of manually tweaking your investments – yourself.  For some this isn’t worth it, but for others, some extra money every year for someone else to do the hard work is a sacrifice worth making. "}],"markDefs":[{"_key":"371b58d7b032","_type":"glossaryPick","reference":{"_ref":"a4f2c20d-3281-4d94-abdb-4a361ef45dab","_type":"reference"}}],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"7d9c5d5222b3","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"976cd411fcf4","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Alternatively, ready-made portfolios cost the same amount on a standard investment platform as buying all the individual investments separately on the same platform. But for many investors, and particularly for beginners, if you’re happy with what a ready-made portfolio is investing in, it's usually easier to just buy it. Otherwise you're managing dozens of individual investments separately for the same end cost."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"714ff3fd4efc","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"852b280917d7","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""},{"_key":"04f08902b23a","_type":"mainAnchor","pageAnchor":{"_ref":"4c907ba2-4736-40b1-9cbc-d4a67ed183f2","_type":"reference"}},{"_key":"6ceeced9d06a","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"❌ Hard to compare performance"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"h3"},{"_key":"f64b86f5afcd","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"bd2f100d6f1b0","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"There’s a large selection of ready-made portfolios on the market, all of which can invest in very different things in very different ways, which can make it difficult to compare how the one you’ve got is doing relative to similar ones. This could mean you end up sticking around in a portfolio which is underperforming simply because you’re not aware of its relative performance. "}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"706f68ae82ac","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"e18954c2940e","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Fortunately, we’ve got just fix for that - "},{"_key":"24db6d8b3e40","_type":"span","marks":["5e4ffac83d08"],"text":"click here"},{"_key":"9e947ac64466","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":" to see the latest performance results from the UK's top ready-made portfolio providers. "}],"markDefs":[{"_key":"5e4ffac83d08","_type":"internalLinkPick","reference":{"_ref":"9759ddeb-6a13-408b-9fb3-4b03280fa475","_type":"reference"}}],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"9d7b668936f0","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"ca9cec0117b7","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""},{"_key":"5cd5e1d68f45","_type":"mainAnchor","pageAnchor":{"_ref":"b683c5e6-6236-4a17-bf7d-90ec37ffeb0d","_type":"reference"}},{"_key":"e8fe8a7219dc","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Top questions on ready-made portfolios"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"h2"},{"_key":"e689c6ec2420","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"cfac45cad209","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"How much do ready-made portfolios cost?"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"h3"},{"_key":"bbdc8bc5795d","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"176dd5566bb7","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"9d741607ffb8","_type":"textboxWidget","image":{"_type":"mainImage","alt":"💡 All-in fees are typically in the range of between 0.50 - 1% per year."},"text":[{"_key":"39e59e8b504d","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"58347245920d","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"💡"},{"_key":"2437b6c33d1a","_type":"span","marks":["strong"],"text":" All-in fees are typically in the range of between 0.50 - 1% per year."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"}]},{"_key":"a2ed30724981","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"d971f6d3c5ce","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"26004d4bc6ca","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"cb896735a55b0","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"The cost of investing in a ready-made portfolio depends on which one you choose and the provider that runs it. All-in fees are typically in the range of between 0.50 - 1% per year. "}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"47000acf2489","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"285e9351cfbe","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"See how the Boring Money analysts rate the costs of ready-made solutions across different pricing scenarios below"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"ffa6948a3cec","_type":"frameWidget","href":"https://www.canva.com/design/DAHDdOoh13Q/PV58xgqF_Alg8RV94V6uWA/view?embed"},{"_key":"cee907087323","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"2dcdaf90205e","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"4dfb663757e4","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"8bd12e398357","_type":"span","marks":["em"],"text":"Source: Boring Money Data, correct as at 01/03/2026"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"small"},{"_key":"3b5ad8b04f10","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"e39bc5ec0cea","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Ready-made portfolios bought from a robo adviser are usually on the higher end of this scale. However, as we mentioned before, you’re effectively paying for the convenience of the robo adviser to select and monitor all the underlying investments for you on an ongoing basis. This means that the price is sometimes a bit higher, but there’s less effort required from you to regularly tweak and rebalance your portfolio by yourself."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"6eabbce8b1ce","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"429b0608ca66","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""},{"_key":"732c3e42c6b1","_type":"mainAnchor","pageAnchor":{"_ref":"282a43f9-0565-46fe-aa52-8a66a420d68a","_type":"reference"}},{"_key":"2cb08af59ddd","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"What’s the difference between a multi-asset fund and a ready-made portfolio? "}],"markDefs":[],"style":"h3"},{"_key":"b0a88c6ba6cb","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"057476df7b6c","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"In simple terms, a multi-asset fund is a single fund that holds a variety of different assets. A "},{"_key":"31ab943afc9f","_type":"span","marks":["876aa3b004a1"],"text":"ready-made portfolio"},{"_key":"97a3916ed8cc","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":", on the other hand, is usually a bundle of different funds (often including multi-asset funds) prepared by an investment provider to match "}],"markDefs":[{"_key":"876aa3b004a1","_type":"internalLinkPick","reference":{"_ref":"9da15cff-7c7f-44af-af83-e5d5765bc4bd","_type":"reference"}}],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"242ee40ac74f","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"51fdb12bddd7","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Think of the fund as one dish and the portfolio as the whole buffet."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"bec54f1c56fa","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"bcf2f1a0038e","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"317c0d081502","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"5772c15edf52","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"9060d899741d","_type":"tableControl","rows":[{"_key":"7e51deb836d3","_type":"row","cells":[{"_key":"f79d114c10a9","_type":"cell","tableStyle":"DB","value":[{"_key":"db14d1ee515e","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"f54fcb46e9ca","_type":"span","marks":["strong"],"text":"Multi-asset fund"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"}]},{"_key":"ec9b259076b3","_type":"cell","tableStyle":"DB","value":[{"_key":"b8e4014834b2","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"94bf261b4147","_type":"span","marks":["strong"],"text":"Ready-made portfolio"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"}]}]},{"_key":"e7fbd6e6219c","_type":"row","cells":[{"_key":"86b27cce148b","_type":"cell","tableStyle":"W","value":[{"_key":"c2004c5b3b00","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"53fbbf0726950","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"A single fund that provides exposure to multiple assets within one product – for example, bonds, shares "},{"_key":"b8ea44672d72","_type":"span","marks":["em"],"text":"and "},{"_key":"2b6384c2e993","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"commodities."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"}]},{"_key":"210631dccfd3","_type":"cell","tableStyle":"W","value":[{"_key":"570b344f46cf","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"3a526871864d0","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"A type of multi-asset fund which provides a blend of bond and equity exposure depending on your tolerance for risk (more on this below)."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"}]}]}],"tableStyle":"DB-W-LB"},{"_key":"125dfe6fa1b2","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"f9cdfa0bf2f7","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""},{"_key":"ac1102b3e9b4","_type":"mainAnchor","pageAnchor":{"_ref":"949df85c-448c-42b2-96e9-1eba6b556a6a","_type":"reference"}},{"_key":"2c4c835751a20","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"How do I know which risk level is right for me?"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"h3"},{"_key":"12f2937f6de7","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"df5f6bb4c3ea0","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Deciding how much risk you’re willing to tolerate with your investments is ultimately a personal decision. It’s important however to understand what we really mean when we talk about investment ‘risk’ before you make a decision."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"921a38fb4d03","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"bbb7b3c50de90","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"It’s not the same as - let's say - gambling, skiing down the black run, or even driving on the motorway at 100 miles per hour. Investment risk is actually all about volatility and how much the stock market can fluctuate over a given period of time. If you're investing over 30 years, for example, the ups and downs of today don't matter as much because you’ve got plenty of time to make up for any poor performances. But if, on the other hand, you’re investing for only 5 years, your investments would have a lot less time to recover if markets took a dip. So you can see, timeframes play a huge role in investment risk."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"339ffa75ca9d","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"1c50a1db9038","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"ab8a58ed19f8","_type":"blockQuote","adviserName":"Holly Mackay","jobTitle":"Founder & CEO, Boring Money","photo":{"_type":"mainImage","alt":"Holly Mackay on investing risk and timeframes","asset":{"_ref":"image-09007f04fb546b786000b2729947b6dfc2f690aa-606x438-jpg","_type":"reference"}},"quote":[{"_key":"ea64f9ed170b","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"b9917d105263","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"As a rule of thumb, the more risk you take, the greater the chance of higher returns over the long-term. However, only you will know which category is right for you. Generally speaking, if your investment time horizon is ten years or more, then you could consider the higher risk portfolios. For those people investing with shorter time horizons - five years or so - or who don't have an appetite for alarming ups and downs, the low risk portfolios could be a good option. In theory, they should offer a smoother investment ride; they will make less over the long-term, but face less short-term volatility. Less than five years though and cash may be your best bet."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"}]},{"_key":"82fedf2607f2","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"8fd35a343b0f","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"2c835a525aea","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"1ef87a462c1a0","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"It’s also important to remember the very real risk of underestimating the impact of "},{"_key":"978d3055f439","_type":"span","marks":["1a8ada013d70"],"text":"inflation"},{"_key":"6d0cbd2e7e61","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":" on cash. Though it’s understandable to feel unsure and even nervous about investing your money, you could be locking yourself into losses if you leave your money in a current account or low interest savings account. Inflation will chew away at your pot over the longer-term and you could end up with savings that are worth considerably less than they were when you started. For example, if inflation is at 5% and you’re only earning 3% interest on your current account, then you’re actually losing 2% in real terms."}],"markDefs":[{"_key":"1a8ada013d70","_type":"glossaryPick","reference":{"_ref":"9d62b1af-7674-4f39-ba20-b0154d565241","_type":"reference"}}],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"7225e60d248d","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"6b1ed8141a9d0","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"For those aiming to save for five years or less, this is less of a concern, but the cumulative effect of inflation over periods longer than this could erode the value of your savings. 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When you buy a bond (or a piece of the bond), you’re lending your money to this “issuer”. In exchange, the issuer promises to pay the bondholder (that’s you) a fixed interest payment at regular intervals until the loan matures (when you will get back a known amount which is the ‘face value’)."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"62229e83718a","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"208519fd7a7a","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Therefore, you can think of a bond like an IOU – you lend the issuer money, and they pay you ‘interest’ on a regular basis until a pre-agreed date when they pay you a specified sum of money."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"96ac0f65ce2a","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"53400c3f58bc","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""},{"_key":"37864ea28904","_type":"mainAnchor","pageAnchor":{"_ref":"dfe27455-bfae-4948-b858-040213000740","_type":"reference"}},{"_key":"ed552990e93d0","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"What are bonds?"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"h2"},{"_key":"46e4551e07ca","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"8e9517773203","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Think of bonds like an investment which pays a regular ‘interest rate’ for as long as you hold it, as well as giving you the chance to make a profit on the money you invest. Unlike stocks, which can fluctuate in value rapidly, bonds will typically offer a relatively ‘predictable’ income stream, making them a good option for more risk-averse investors seeking stability."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"84de67b46e34","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"3a75273af740","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"The volatility of a bond price depends on who you are loaning the money to. If it’s the UK government, it’s typically a sedate and predictable journey. If it’s a mining company in Latin America, you should prepare for a much more volatile journey."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"41c6b2f45440","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"b05c24e742b6","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"This is why government bonds typically make up a large proportion of pension funds, particularly for those who are closer to retirement age and thus need their pension to be invested in lower-risk products."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"d6614f8bba0b","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"872c6cbfe99d","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""},{"_key":"003b1400dbd3","_type":"mainAnchor","pageAnchor":{"_ref":"7143fd03-16f0-4229-a431-82283be9b288","_type":"reference"}},{"_key":"f1224b170f560","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"How do bonds work?"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"h2"},{"_key":"2f3e330d3372","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"96bcdb4d8383","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""},{"_key":"acb2391f7114","_type":"mainAnchor","pageAnchor":{"_ref":"ae0ce2cd-ee6c-4b2d-9caf-6ecaa338dfb6","_type":"reference"}},{"_key":"40091b6993f40","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Who issues a bond?"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"h3"},{"_key":"565d809b383b","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"db75d5da7276","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"When a government or a business decides it needs to raise money, one of the avenues it might take is to issue a bond. The bond specifies the “maturity” date (when the loan is repaid), the “coupon” (interest rate) paid periodically, and the “denomination” (face value) of the bond."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"38457353d605","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"5c46a1e31e90","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""},{"_key":"5b0c3697fae8","_type":"mainAnchor","pageAnchor":{"_ref":"a7cac4b7-a55c-4d8c-b076-8219b497fffe","_type":"reference"}},{"_key":"f002b0d984350","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"How do bonds pay interest?"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"h3"},{"_key":"7d966bfb9662","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"37dae7ca5e6c","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"The exact monetary value of the coupon you receive from a bond is called the “yield” and typically correlates to how risky the loan is determined to be."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"91d66d962184","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"1df18ea7fc91","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Let’s imagine someone wanted to borrow a grand from you. How much would you want in return for making that loan? It depends how reliable or trustworthy they are. How risky it is, as well as how long they want to borrow it for. In other words, how “creditworthy” they seem to you."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"5388a9ac1b0e","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"cf5870d6f45b","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"The same principles apply in the world of bonds. If we lend money to the UK government, for example, you might have more faith that they will keep up with their interest payments and repay you in full than if you lent money to a copper producer in the Democratic Republic of Congo. So a UK government bond would typically pay lower interest than the “riskier” copper producer one, for example."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"71d4560d2d56","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"457db07707e3","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"This is why government bonds (often called “gilts” if they're issued by the UK government or \"Treasuries\" if they're issued by the US government) usually pay less (or have a lower yield) than various corporate bonds – in return for giving you a less hernia-inducing path."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"f619482b3fbf","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"4a4abac90009","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Bond yields move inversely to bond prices. That is, the lower the yield (or ‘interest’ paid) , the higher the price of the bond is. Let’s walk through an actual example to explain how this all works."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"20b16b0c1152","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"9f79cc0082e3","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"a28d95e21455","_type":"textboxWidget","text":[{"_key":"8599fdf492a4","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"4da4917d5205","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Let's assume a bond issued by the UK government (so, a ‘gilt’). Let's also assume it would cost 97.26p to buy. The bond is called Treasury 0.125% 30/01/2026. This means it pays investors an ‘interest rate’, or ‘coupon’, of 0.125%. "}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"f54c13e08686","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"a9bc4738b626","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"However, people will mostly buy this for the increase in value, rather than the interest paid."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"63059e105655","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"31a5a3e313f7","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"We know that it will mature on the 30th January in 2026. For its ‘face value’ of 100p. Or £1. So we know for certain that we can spend 97.26p today and get back £1 at the end of January 2026. "}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"952bca830e4b","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"66fc8064d680","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"In other words, you will make 2.74p for every 97.26p you invest, over the period in question. And because this gain is a capital gain and not interest, and because it is held in a government bond, that gain is tax-free. "}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"5f3464315ceb","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"eeab95d5b301","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"This largely explains the growth in popularity of these bonds – as the tax take in the UK increases, and tax paid on interest goes up, they are a great way for higher rate taxpayers to get a relatively secure return, which is tax-free. "}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"143bb8ec0e80","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"0eeece876375","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"}],"title":"Example:"},{"_key":"52ccd9cc7373","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"00eb7eca2b96","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""},{"_key":"72ac8f8e1ca2","_type":"mainAnchor","pageAnchor":{"_ref":"16faf849-274d-403a-b511-cf225e816d79","_type":"reference"}},{"_key":"187af134969b0","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"How are bonds traded?"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"h3"},{"_key":"cfe82fd2d556","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"83e5c781999e","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Initially, bonds will be offered to institutional investors (like banks or pension funds). When this process is complete, bonds can also be traded on the “secondary market”, where investors trade between themselves on the stock market like you can with ordinary shares. There will be a quoted price that will change throughout the day."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"c5da9e7fce93","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"005c4140c0cb","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Investors can invest in bonds either directly or via other products which have bonds "},{"_key":"c8eefb4086c3","_type":"span","marks":["em"],"text":"in"},{"_key":"e938ff652d90","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":" them - such as multi-asset "},{"_key":"7e44d8d4eba1","_type":"span","marks":["fc7a25720353"],"text":"funds"},{"_key":"4c7c11c26b2d","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":", "},{"_key":"1bd18a481129","_type":"span","marks":["a00ce8f500dc"],"text":"ETFs"},{"_key":"46bcdb172323","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":" or"},{"_key":"922e97485ae8","_type":"span","marks":["aeb36fcf4623"],"text":" investment trusts"},{"_key":"0369c7eaf692","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":".  Bonds can play an important role in creating a diversified investment portfolio, which essentially means you invest in lots of different things in different proportion (not putting all your eggs in one basket is another way of looking at it!)."}],"markDefs":[{"_key":"fc7a25720353","_type":"internalLinkPick","reference":{"_ref":"0bc8b13d-830e-4469-8ffe-6af27456b538","_type":"reference"}},{"_key":"a00ce8f500dc","_type":"internalLinkPick","reference":{"_ref":"f1e48d02-3367-4ff4-9cc3-66b06a63a846","_type":"reference"}},{"_key":"aeb36fcf4623","_type":"internalLinkPick","reference":{"_ref":"15c308e6-b264-4e24-b705-01f5d6339e04","_type":"reference"}}],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"8d973bcf2a1e","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"2ec1aede89ab","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Many leading investment platforms such as "},{"_key":"eee0df919504","_type":"span","marks":["359cabde0d3c"],"text":"Hargreaves Lansdown"},{"_key":"809b677f8b82","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":", "},{"_key":"409e9d18bd45","_type":"span","marks":["457c15a8eac2"],"text":"AJ Bell "},{"_key":"a8416a475e6a","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"and "},{"_key":"7fcdea77d655","_type":"span","marks":["abe234734263"],"text":"interactive investor"},{"_key":"1f5b49f77d32","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":" now let retail customers buy bonds just like you would with shares."}],"markDefs":[{"_key":"359cabde0d3c","_type":"internalLinkPick","reference":{"_ref":"7ca22c2a-5a22-4997-9cfb-3c0c6ad85a27","_type":"reference"}},{"_key":"457c15a8eac2","_type":"internalLinkPick","reference":{"_ref":"1dbcb796-5201-4542-a5fd-e9d2d02257e5","_type":"reference"}},{"_key":"abe234734263","_type":"internalLinkPick","reference":{"_ref":"22d041fa-4595-43c0-9055-7853b8b849f0","_type":"reference"}}],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"b42b778e35aa","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"368f17d472ac","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""},{"_key":"47b1a1da4f33","_type":"mainAnchor","pageAnchor":{"_ref":"3932d4f6-6124-4715-99d1-7bc659807fc4","_type":"reference"}},{"_key":"d404685b4df80","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"What are the different types of bond?"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"h3"},{"_key":"754b01a0bb86","_type":"textboxWidget","text":[{"_key":"2c41dceddeab","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"dfdfd3a8c947","_type":"span","marks":["strong"],"text":"Corporate bonds"},{"_key":"fb4873397cad","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":" – bonds issued by companies. The yield on corporate bonds can depend on how creditworthy the issuer is deemed to be."}],"level":1,"listItem":"bullet","markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"1ae2c651010c","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"b2cf653912e6","_type":"span","marks":["strong"],"text":"Junk bonds"},{"_key":"de963fb49c1a","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":" – bonds considered to be associated with a high level of risk."}],"level":1,"listItem":"bullet","markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"13980bdcc8e2","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"eccb54653b7f","_type":"span","marks":["strong"],"text":"Municipal bonds"},{"_key":"fc0a803854f4","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":" – bonds issued by local governments, municipalities or states."}],"level":1,"listItem":"bullet","markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"99265f630422","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"d35e39620486","_type":"span","marks":["strong"],"text":"Sovereign bonds"},{"_key":"5a9922c471ff","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":" – bonds issued by national governments. These can include gilts and treasuries."}],"level":1,"listItem":"bullet","markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"470565ca8ddf","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"438715b5ca47","_type":"span","marks":["strong"],"text":"Gilts"},{"_key":"8964468bdd47","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":" – bonds issued by the UK government."}],"level":1,"listItem":"bullet","markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"80fda3477c0c","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"49fed3a1aeeb","_type":"span","marks":["strong"],"text":"Treasuries"},{"_key":"ffbf2c8c0489","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":" – bonds issued by the US government."}],"level":1,"listItem":"bullet","markDefs":[],"style":"normal"}]},{"_key":"266e915029c0","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"e3fcc300e9ad","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"a2537989de30","_type":"textboxWidget","image":{"_type":"mainImage","alt":"Key bond terms to know:"},"text":[{"_key":"fdbdc1410e5c","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"6f839624c465","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Key bond terms to know:"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"h4"},{"_key":"a2bb7aa8a4f4","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"850c1ad2d9a0","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Coupon – the fixed interest rate that the bond issuer pays the lender. This is pre-agreed and does not change."}],"level":1,"listItem":"bullet","markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"6326a477fc02","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"d385ee6adb2e","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Creditworthiness – how reliable the bond issuer is deemed to be, based on many factors such as financial security, size, and geographic location."}],"level":1,"listItem":"bullet","markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"8e2c27f9133e","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"de8b059c68c1","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Denomination – the total face value of the bond at the point of maturity (when it’s repaid)."}],"level":1,"listItem":"bullet","markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"04ce92ab0c77","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"f95ddc6b78c8","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Maturity – the pre-agreed date at which the bond is repaid in full. This can range from less than 1 year (short-term) to over 30 years (long-term). Longer maturities typically have higher interest rates."}],"level":1,"listItem":"bullet","markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"c0e878ef56e9","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"0bb0b9c0c932","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Yield – the actual return an investor earns from a bond. This is not fixed and can fluctuate depending on a number of factors that impact the bond's price, including the issuer's perceived creditworthiness."}],"level":1,"listItem":"bullet","markDefs":[],"style":"normal"}]},{"_key":"db8106f28c5c","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"8a6812021cd6","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"2b1db4c3031a","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"4127dc303820","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""},{"_key":"f856fa8d6746","_type":"mainAnchor","pageAnchor":{"_ref":"95fb0892-0bc4-4895-9015-698cfbafa2f9","_type":"reference"}},{"_key":"b58f70fa29190","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Are bonds right for me?"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"h2"},{"_key":"755ca04acb42","_type":"prosConsWidget","cons":["You’re seeking higher returns","Your priority is maximum capital growth rather than income"],"consTitle":"Bad if you","pros":["You have a lower risk tolerance ","You’re comfortable with lower potential returns in exchange","You want more predictable investments","You’re a higher rate taxpayer wanting tax efficient ‘cash-like’ assets "],"prosTitle":"Good if you"},{"_key":"40564fbd3726","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"0563627909a1","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"6dc4662a2a41","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"a4ab65705dbd","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""},{"_key":"41e835c08ab8","_type":"mainAnchor","pageAnchor":{"_ref":"e9689fd9-e232-45a8-b6cb-14ab8cb11a89","_type":"reference"}},{"_key":"c8ff999015ce0","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"What factors affect bond performance?"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"h2"},{"_key":"76f6c3331d51","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"db0a0bcab5ef0","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Historically, bonds have generally offered lower returns than shares but tend to come with less volatility. However, there are various external factors you should be aware of that can influence a bond’s performance, such as:"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"8f31197b0009","_type":"textboxWidget","text":[{"_key":"e02e737fe442","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"c9a09cb5141a","_type":"span","marks":["strong"],"text":"Interest rates: "},{"_key":"77dfe0cb24b8","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Generally, bonds become less attractive when base interest rates (e.g. the Bank of England’s base rate) rise - and vice versa. This is because people can get similar returns without a longer-term commitment, like with an easy-access savings account."}],"level":1,"listItem":"bullet","markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"4f209b5bc39d","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"0c2c8d755598","_type":"span","marks":["strong"],"text":"Creditworthiness of the issuer: "},{"_key":"10768c5377c2","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"As we mentioned earlier, government bonds or “gilts” are generally considered safer than corporate bonds. However, this safety usually comes in the form of a lower interest rate payment. "}],"level":1,"listItem":"bullet","markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"dac19d76fcbe","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"64496e4f1970","_type":"span","marks":["strong"],"text":"Market conditions: "},{"_key":"0a660958404c","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Market conditions, sentiment and economic factors can also impact bond prices in the same way they impact share prices."}],"level":1,"listItem":"bullet","markDefs":[],"style":"normal"}]},{"_key":"7e5d90e1d232","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"915b3da40ca4","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""},{"_key":"504d82eb803a","_type":"mainAnchor","pageAnchor":{"_ref":"433053e5-5bc2-4d66-aefe-1786ed0cb86f","_type":"reference"}},{"_key":"5ce4755ecaff0","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"How do I know how bonds will perform vs cash?"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"h2"},{"_key":"9a35e2149d58","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"c3859c53f02f","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Unfortunately, predicting the future performance of any investment with certainty is virtually impossible."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"813dac338e48","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"6fd7f04be692","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Bonds have historically been considered lower-risk investments, but this is not a 100% bulletproof rule. For example, in September 2022 - following ex-Chancellor Kwasi Kwarteng’s infamous “mini Budget” - there were serious concerns about the amount of spending the then-government had proposed and therefore how it would be able to keep up with national debt (including gilts)."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"a0b2b81f847e","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"8e6db4cd31e8","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"These questions around the perceived creditworthiness of the UK government impacted the bond market, pushing yields up as these loans were seen to be riskier than they had been beforehand. As yields went up, the price of UK gilts fell - and this caused the bond market to contract, as lending to the UK government became less attractive to investors (institutional and private)."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"6c32eb4113db","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"16474136e415","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"People who were invested in bonds during this period saw the value of their investments fall. For those with a well-diversified portfolio (invested in lots of different things in different proportions), the impact of this was likely to be muted. However, individuals with a high proportion allocated to bonds – such as pension funds, which typically favour bonds for their low-risk reputation – saw a bigger dip."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"30fde4a880db","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"9d7c567cf94e","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Since then, the bond market has recovered and it is generally agreed that this was an unusual set of circumstances. Bonds are usually low risk investments and can play an important role in ensuring your investment portfolio is diversified – and not all in shares, for example."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"4752447969bc","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"00e43f27a5e5","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"So you can see that by understanding the factors that can influence bond performance, you can get a better sense of how they work and how best to incorporate them into your investment portfolio."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"aff983865960","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"bc760933457c","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""},{"_key":"c050e8063d49","_type":"mainAnchor","pageAnchor":{"_ref":"8b590d7c-c5cf-48be-aa8b-f64f836f3617","_type":"reference"}},{"_key":"6f62f9ada198","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"How can I invest in bonds?"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"h2"},{"_key":"786650885125","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"85a5285ccd42","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"If you have a pension or you're an investor already, you likely already invest in bonds - they're extremely common components of pensions and are often included in various types of funds, such as multi-asset "},{"_key":"f28f28f23e96","_type":"span","marks":["b9f70e6a6e3a"],"text":"funds"},{"_key":"c962749127b0","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":", "},{"_key":"1b2ef61ef27a","_type":"span","marks":["ee0a635edab8"],"text":"ETFs"},{"_key":"ddcbd9780996","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":" and "},{"_key":"e2618dc15e95","_type":"span","marks":["ff7c8e2c54d1"],"text":"ready-made portfolios"},{"_key":"bfe93ba338ec","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"."}],"markDefs":[{"_key":"b9f70e6a6e3a","_type":"internalLinkPick","reference":{"_ref":"0bc8b13d-830e-4469-8ffe-6af27456b538","_type":"reference"}},{"_key":"ee0a635edab8","_type":"internalLinkPick","reference":{"_ref":"f1e48d02-3367-4ff4-9cc3-66b06a63a846","_type":"reference"}},{"_key":"ff7c8e2c54d1","_type":"internalLinkPick","reference":{"_ref":"9da15cff-7c7f-44af-af83-e5d5765bc4bd","_type":"reference"}}],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"05e707e3aa2e","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"416e8bb4d45d","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Before you hunt for new bonds to add to your portfolio, it's a good idea to check what you're already invested in to make sure you're not doubling up or allocating"},{"_key":"a7905b1a3d2f","_type":"span","marks":["em"],"text":" too"},{"_key":"ad03830e5af1","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":" much to bonds. If you have a pension product, check your annual pension documents for details on what your pot is invested in. For other investment products, most providers allow you to log into your account on desktop or via an app to see a breakdown of your portfolio."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"bfe2c9c12e93","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"2849b0cbdd05","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"If you're looking to invest in bonds, there are many investment platforms on the market that will allow you to do so directly. 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Their huge corporate presence supports responsible investment, a net zero carbon emissions target by 2040, and strong customer service, which will go above and beyond in supporting more vulnerable customers. Although the in-app content is plentiful and helpful, it can be difficult to navigate, and there are times when less would be more. Fair costs, investments are fine, but the digital experience could be more user-friendly."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"}]},{"_key":"479a5ce5074f","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"fd0d34b4dacc","_type":"span","marks":["em"],"text":"*This is the view of investment expert Holly Mackay based on her first-hand customer experience as a test account holder. This does not constitute regulated advice. 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They have recently reviewed the glide path, extending it from 10 to 15 years and have increased the risk profile of their default funds with an aim to improve future performance for their customers."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"3950a3c9cd0f","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"d0c408abe0f4","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"What If You Don't want the Default fund?"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"h3"},{"_key":"387304dbc2ef","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"1cf8fbc1fe6c","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Aviva offers seven alternative pension pathways, including different retirement income strategies (annuity, cash, drawdown, universal), ethical/ESG options, Shariah-compliant investing, and a higher-risk private markets version. If you want to pick your own investments, you get access to 30-250 funds, depending on which Aviva product your employer chose—enough choice to be meaningful without being overwhelming."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"8c986d603e81","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"3f6101e10e93","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""},{"_key":"7f68269609f2","_type":"mainAnchor","pageAnchor":{"_ref":"4d792b1a-0a71-4341-aa8b-b90f7917e7ac","_type":"reference"}},{"_key":"cd7347b18d79","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Investment performance "}],"markDefs":[],"style":"h2"},{"_key":"078cb859eb6f","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"e6b0bb23c0b6","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"📈 Performance overview"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"h3"},{"_key":"e47de0d6eec2","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"610a519317b1","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Below we show the performance of the default investment for Aviva customers. 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No hidden extras."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"260abe40e379","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"e88187964d65","_type":"span","marks":["strong"],"text":"But is 0.40% good?"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"ca32a1f3fb4f","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"04fdca1576fe","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"The typical range for workplace pensions is 0.3% to 0.6%. So Aviva sits bang in the middle. It's cheaper than a personal pension you'd set up yourself (those usually start at 0.45% minimum), but it's not the cheapest workplace option. Given the service quality, digital tools, and investment management, this is fair value. 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This is the Balanced Lifestyle Strategy (Drawdown). "}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"564e0d5fc59f","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"50c20596237f","_type":"span","marks":["strong"],"text":"Recent performance:"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"a2fe3cc124a2","_type":"textboxWidget","text":[{"_key":"eb1fade29228","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"dd4cc297a44f","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Over the last 3 years, it has made an average of 10.94% a year"}],"level":1,"listItem":"bullet","markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"10da92b787a4","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"a225a3afc19f","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Over the last 5 years, it has made an average of 8.4% a year"}],"level":1,"listItem":"bullet","markDefs":[],"style":"normal"}]},{"_key":"bb77fcd8c189","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"494185b2b135","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"02e11d8dfbae","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"e781030ce6fe","_type":"span","marks":["em"],"text":"Source: Lipper, bid to bid, Royal London, data correct as at 31 December 2025. All performance figures are gross of charges."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"small"},{"_key":"de13dd552ca7","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"4f1951af521a","_type":"span","marks":["strong"],"text":"In £ terms:"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"3ab781305206","_type":"textboxWidget","text":[{"_key":"a64ced3a3e01","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"9e65f0d4b2ab","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"£1,000 invested 3 years ago would be worth "},{"_key":"456697b6742c","_type":"span","marks":["strong"],"text":"£1,314"},{"_key":"b500a7948c12","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":" today"}],"level":1,"listItem":"bullet","markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"a8670ee5c327","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"3a1c577c0401","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"£1,000 invested 5 years ago would be worth "},{"_key":"159429f0a4be","_type":"span","marks":["strong"],"text":"£1,545"},{"_key":"e000039f796f","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":" today"}],"level":1,"listItem":"bullet","markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"b984dfc98fe9","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"be48c79ef88c","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"For comparison, £1,000 saved in a cash account 3 years ago would be £1,137. And 5 years ago would be worth £1,143 today."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"}]},{"_key":"f58d6cf3dd60","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"dab4315302c9","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"3f519344d382","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"6450bf6232c9","_type":"span","marks":["em"],"text":"Source: For Cash Comparison: FE FundInfo, Bank of England Base Rate. For Balanced Lifestyle Strategy: "},{"_key":"514bd9aa741a","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Lipper, bid to bid, Royal London, "},{"_key":"2dc4a9515c48","_type":"span","marks":["em"],"text":"data correct as at 31  December 2025. 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In the past, Royal London had less in shares than some competitors, which led to lower long-term returns than some (as well as less risky, volatile portfolios). They have since reviewed what they invest in, changed their default fund, will be investing more in shares in future, and we would expect their comparative performance to pick up as a result. One to watch."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"b8d57332a1bc","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"e61775527b2e","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"For people who want more detail as of 21 July 2025, Royal London have changed the default fund within this strategy from GP Enhanced to GP Dynamic.You can read more specific performance information for all funds "},{"_key":"87a686546688","_type":"span","marks":["strong","b0c4488e44b0"],"text":"on their website"},{"_key":"2ecb1b8da293","_type":"span","marks":["b0c4488e44b0"],"text":"."}],"markDefs":[{"_key":"b0c4488e44b0","_type":"internalLinkPick","blank":true,"reference":{"_ref":"bdba8628-66d1-4f1e-9602-e04aa588e44c","_type":"reference"}}],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"5da2c2093215","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"f4069bcd4403","_type":"span","marks":["em"],"text":"Past performance is not a guide to the future. Prices can fall as well as rise, meaning a member may not get back the full amount of capital originally invested. Investment returns may fluctuate and are not guaranteed."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"7679a5079334","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"4926c650f78e","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""},{"_key":"71ad1df83328","_type":"mainAnchor","pageAnchor":{"_ref":"4e980c11-5605-4480-b5cf-9ef6d1970af0","_type":"reference"}},{"_key":"0c3517235ad9","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Fees and charges"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"h2"},{"_key":"96f64b21db9f","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"4f6db1651612","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"The average fee paid by Royal London workplace pension customers is 0.37%. The specific fee depends on the company you work for and you can find more information "},{"_key":"5fe4f38fdb03","_type":"span","marks":["df9910cbf97b"],"text":"here"},{"_key":"f0c83d16911c","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"."}],"markDefs":[{"_key":"df9910cbf97b","_type":"internalLinkPick","blank":true,"reference":{"_ref":"0528a460-b7bf-4d20-9f9e-41deb9526e22","_type":"reference"}}],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"d7668d1b9ceb","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"3093b4b10fd0","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Royal London is a mutual (owned by their customers) so they have a quirk. Every year they share a slice of any profits back with their customers, which has the impact of lowering the costs. This has been paid for the last 9 years and the regulator, in their value for money work, has signalled that Mutual profit sharing effectively reduces the charges paid. So the 0.37% includes this ‘Profit Share’ assumption."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"93605bc094e8","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"639974396c81","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Whilst the charges for most customers are relatively competitive, long-standing customers in old schemes could be paying higher charges and the last governance report also noted that some smaller accounts may be paying relatively high charges. Your statement will show precisely what you are paying."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"1ac4d7d62a52","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"5a7c7f004fe3","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"1e5686763bf2","_type":"mainImage","asset":{"_ref":"image-b18ad81feaa4a0895be143946b6415abd668a54a-1920x1080-png","_type":"reference"},"blankAltTag":true,"caption":"Typical cost ranges for workplace pensions and online pensions you choose and set up yourself."},{"_key":"bd5f38542fd6","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"29867ba756e7","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"bc3507cc16fb","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"a19a9ea2311b","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Don’t shoot the messenger, but pension charges can look complex. The fees differ by company, so it depends on who you work for. They will typically be more for companies with small numbers of employees, and more for companies who don’t make large pension payments. "}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"4729a822088f","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"3092ce5aa9f6","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"As a rule of thumb, the average range of fees for a workplace pension is between 0.3% and 0.6% a year all-in, which is typically cheaper than a pension you might set up and run yourself."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"b50402567720","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"18a40d15a8fb","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Governed solutions overview"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"h3"},{"_key":"3f2047cdab43","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"96073ca9d979","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Your pension is typically invested in a mix of shares and other investments. 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